Abstract
Eighty percent of plants, including field crops, vegetables, fruit trees, and ornamental and medicinal plants, have arbuscular mycorrhiza. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form arbuscules in the endodermis of root tissue, and an extramatrical fine hyphal net. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi help in the management of diseases caused by fungi, fungal-like organisms, nematodes, bacteria, phytoplasmas, and physiological disorders by increasing the absorption of water and nutrient elements for plants, competing with pathogens for nutrients and establishment site, making changes in chemical constituents of plant tissues, changing the root structure, alleviating the environmental stresses, and increasing the population of useful bacteria in soil. They also contribute to optimum plant growth and improved nutrient absorption in heavy metal-contaminated soils. As a result, in disturbed lands, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are powerful biological restoratives. They will help to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which are both detrimental to the environment and agricultural product consumers. The use of these beneficial fungi can increase crop production and establish sustainable nonchemical agriculture.
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Sadravi, M. (2022). The Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in Sustainable Agriculture. In: Nayak, S.K., Baliyarsingh, B., Singh, A., Mannazzu, I., Mishra, B.B. (eds) Advances in Agricultural and Industrial Microbiology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9682-4_4
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