Energy Efficient Improved SEP for Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

A network created by multiple sensor nodes disseminated in an area to detect numerous physical conditions of region is called wireless sensor network. These sensor nodes are used to gather information from a terrain inaccessible to humans such as battlefields, inside a nuclear reactor, volcanic hotspots, and inside a human body. The nodes can be used to gather data about physical parameters such as weather or other parameters like the radioactivity and radiation density in a region. The data which is collected is sent to a sink called the base station where this data is used for various estimations and calculations. The data gets communicated from the nodes to the sink (base station), either by a multi-hop technique or via direct transmission. The routing protocol based on cluster formation for heterogeneous networks proposed in this paper is a modification of the stable election protocol (SEP), called energy efficient improved SEP (EISEP). It is based on optimizing the probability of selection of the cluster heads of the clusters taking into account various energy factors.The proposed protocol shows improvement in the network lifetime, period of stability, and the throughput of the wireless network in comparison to SEP and LEACH protocol.