Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with cervical squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and their precursors. This chapter underscores the role of pathologists in morphologic evaluation and ancillary testing of cervical tissue, which is paramount toward successful implementation of cervical cancer screening protocols. Cytohistologic criteria for the precursor lesions (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and SMILE), along with various methods for HPV testing, are herein discussed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Reagan JW, Hicks DJ, Scott RB. A study of in-situ and squamous cell cancer of the uterine cervix. Cancer. 1953;6(6):1200–14.
Reagan JW, Seidemann IL, Saracusa Y. The cellular morphology of carcinoma in situ and dysplasia or atypical hyperplasia of the uterine cervix. Cancer. 1953;6(2):224–34.
Richart RM. A theory of cervical carcinogenesis. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1969;24(7 Pt 2):874–9.
zur Hausen H. Papillomaviruses in the causation of human cancers—a brief historical account. Virology. 2009;384(2):260–5.
National Cancer Institute Workshop. The 1988 Bethesda system for reporting cervical/vaginal cytologic diagnoses. JAMA. 1989;262:931–4.
Darragh TM, Colgan TJ, Cox JT, Heller DS, Henry MR, Luff RD, et al. The Lower Anogenital Squamous Terminology Standardization Project for HPV-associated lesions: background and consensus recommendations from the College of American Pathologists and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2012;16:205–42.
Kurman RJ, Ellenson H, Ronnett BM. Blaustein’s pathology of the female genital tract. 6th ed. New York: Springer; 2011.
Singh C, Manivel JC, Truskinovsky AM, Savik K, Amirouche S, Holler J, et al. Variability of pathologists’ utilization of p16 and ki-67 immunostaining in the diagnosis of cervical biopsies in routine pathology practice and its impact on the frequencies of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia diagnoses and cytohistologic correlations. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2014;138(1):76–87.
Lee C, Laimins LA, editors. The differentiation-dependent life cycle of human papillomaviruses in keratinocytes. Boston: Springer; 2007.
Graham SV. Keratinocyte differentiation-dependent human papillomavirus gene regulation. Viruses. 2017;9(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/v9090245.
Steinback A, Riemer AB. Immune evasion mechanisms of human papillomavirus: an update. Int J Cancer. 2018;142(2):224–29.
Graham SV. The human papillomavirus replication cycle, and its links to cancer progression: a comprehensive review. Clin Sci (Lond). 2017;131(17):2201–21.
Doorbar J, Egawa N, Griffin H, Kranjec C, Murakami I. Human papillomavirus molecular biology and disease association. Rev Med Virol. 2015;25(Suppl 1):2–23.
Mills AM, Dirks DC, Poulter MD, Mills SE, Stoler MH. HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization: validation against PCR, DNA in situ hybridization, and p16 immunohistochemistry in 102 samples of cervical, vulvar, anal, and head and neck neoplasia. Am J Surg Pathol. 2017;41(5):607–15.
Thomas JT, Oh ST, Terhune SS, Laimins LA. Cellular changes induced by low-risk human papillomavirus type 11 in keratinocytes that stably maintain viral episomes. J Virol. 2001;75(16):7564–71.
Bishop JA, Ma XJ, Wang H, Luo Y, Illei PB, Begum S, et al. Detection of transcriptionally active high-risk HPV in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma as visualized by a novel E6/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization method. Am J Surg Pathol. 2012;36(12):1874–82.
Guo M, Gong Y, Deavers M, Silva EG, Jan YJ, Cogdell DE, et al. Evaluation of a commercialized in situ hybridization assay for detecting human papillomavirus DNA in tissue specimens from patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical carcinoma. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46(1):274–80.
Nishino HT, Tambouret RH, Wilbur DC. Testing for human papillomavirus in cervical cancer screening: a review of indications and methodology. Cancer Cytopathol. 2011;119(4):219–27.
Abreu AL, Souza RP, Gimenes F, Consolaro ME. A review of methods for detect human papillomavirus infection. Virol J. 2012;9:262.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Singh, C., Kim, G.N. (2019). Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions: A Pathologist’s Perspective. In: Mehta, S., Singla, A. (eds) Preventive Oncology for the Gynecologist. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3438-2_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3438-2_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-3437-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-3438-2
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)