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Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) as a Biomarker for Cardiovascular Disease

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Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a member of the lipocalin family and is involved in protection against bacterial infections. High NGAL levels are also abundant during acute kidney injury, in cardiovascular disease and chronic inflammatory states. Elevated NGAL levels in urine and plasma are relatively strong predictors of subsequent acute kidney injury in patients with nephrological disease, coronary artery disease, and, to a lesser extent, heart failure. Furthermore, higher NGAL levels relate to poor outcome in a variety of patients populations. However, the potential clinical utility of plasma or urine NGAL levels remains unclear and is the focus of ongoing and future research.

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Abbreviations

AKI:

Acute kidney injury

AUC:

Area under the curve

BNP:

Brain natriuretic peptide

CIN:

Contrast-induced nephropathy

CKD:

Chronic kidney disease

COPD:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

CV:

Cardiovascular

ESRD:

End-stage renal disease

GFR:

Glomerular filtration rate

HF:

Heart failure

HR:

Hazard ratio

IL:

Interleukin

KIM-1:

Kidney injury molecule 1

L-FABP:

Liver-type fatty acid-binding protein

LVAD:

Left ventricular assist device

MMP-9:

Matrix metalloproteinase 9

NAG:

N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase

NGAL:

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin

TIMP:

Tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase

WRF:

Worsening renal function

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, The Netherlands

    Kevin Damman & Mattia A. E. Valente

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  1. Kevin Damman
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  2. Mattia A. E. Valente
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Correspondence to Kevin Damman .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science & Technology , University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

  2. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

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Damman, K., Valente, M.A.E. (2016). Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) as a Biomarker for Cardiovascular Disease. In: Patel, V., Preedy, V. (eds) Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease. Biomarkers in Disease: Methods, Discoveries and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7678-4_15

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