Abstract
This paper clarifies the cluster concept and how clusters are identified, nurtured and grown as elements of regional economies, with a special focus on food specific clusters.
It points out that based on analogous examples and theoretical arguments that Northeast Asia appears to be well positioned from a geographic perspective to develop a world class food industry. However, for considering the competitiveness of Northeast Asia, several questions are raised: to what extent will conventional geographic factors function amid the globally restructured food industry and how are these geographic factors going to affect the future formation, development and dynamics of food industry clusters across the world? To answer these questions analytic and visualization techniques including the MSA matrix and Input-output modeling are considered for the identification of clusters and related development planning and implementation.
A qualitative analysis of the institutional framework and support elements that exist (or do not) in a region is also provided. This analysis focuses on the concept of smart infrastructure. Three cases in Europe: the Oresund Food cluster in Denmark and Sweden; Greenport in South Holland and the Dutch Food Valley in the eastern part of the Netherlands in the lower Rhine River valley are examined and discussed to illustrate the institutional relationships and smart infrastructure of advanced or internationally competitive food clusters.
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Notes
- 1.
This is not to argue that universities are unsuccessful in efforts to produce economic useful knowledge in the form of patents and licenses and new company formation. For sure there are highly successful cases such as MIT and Stanford and others that are improving their performance. For the most part however universities have had marginal success to date.
- 2.
See a list of world-class food industry clusters identified by researchers at http://www.isc.hbs.edu/MetaStudy2002Bib.pdf.
- 3.
A location quotient measures the importance of an industry sector in its local economy relative to a reference area economy such as the national economy.
- 4.
The Randstad is an intensely urbanized area enclosed in the triangle formed by Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Utrecht. The Randstad is home of the majority of the Netherlands population.
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Stough, R.R., Yu, J. (2016). Industrial Cluster Analysis, Entrepreneurship and Regional Economic Development. In: Kiminami, L., Nakamura, T. (eds) Food Security and Industrial Clustering in Northeast Asia. New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives, vol 6. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55282-6_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55282-6_19
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
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