Abstract
Stenoses and occlusions of the large cerebral arteries have different causes and are not only caused by arteriosclerosis, but also due to vasculitis, vasospasms, congenital vascular changes, dissections and partially recanalized thrombemboli. Due to the limited resolution of sonographic imaging of the cerebral basal arteries, diagnostics must be based on Doppler sonographic flow parameters, so that only higher grade stenoses can be reliably detected. The available criteria for the detection of both stenoses and occlusions, including the possibilities for errors, are described. It should also be taken into account that increased flow velocities can be caused by local hyperperfusion (angioma, fistula or reperfusion) in addition to stenotic causes or vasospasms.
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Widder, B., Hamann, G.F. (2022). Stenoses and Occlusions of the Main Cerebral Arteries. In: Widder, B., Hamann, G. (eds) Duplex sonography of the brain-supplying arteries. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65566-5_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65566-5_14
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