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Karzinome der Mundhöhle

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Medikamentöse Tumortherapie von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren

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Zusammenfassung

Innerhalb der großen Gruppe der Kopf-Hals-Karzinome stellt das Mundhöhlenkarzinom etwa die Hälfte der auftretenden Malignome dar. Zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt ist die alleinige medikamentöse Tumortherapie nicht kurativ. Wenngleich Tumoren in dieser Lokalisation überwiegend primär operativ behandelt werden, ist doch bei vielen Patienten eine adjuvante Radio-(Chemo-)Therapie mit Cisplatin notwendig. Mit Einführung der Immuntherapie wurde erstmals seit der Einführung von Cetuximab die palliative Behandlung grundlegend verändert. Zunächst in der Zweitlinie, später auch flächendeckend in der Erstlinie vorhanden, führten PD-1-Inhibitoren (Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab) bei etwa 15 % der Patienten zu teilweise außergewöhnlichen Therapieerfolgen. Teilweise lange und tiefe (Komplett)remissionen erzeugen einen Therapiebedarf (bspw. Defektrekonstruktionen), der früher aufgrund der limitierten Lebenszeit nicht angegangen wurde. Auch beim Mundhöhlenkarzinom sind keine einzelnen, singulär targetierbaren Mutationen ursächlich für die Entstehung. Dennoch erlaubt die Präzisionsonkologie (Sequenzierung) in ausgewählten Fällen einen zielgerichteten Therapieansatz.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland

    Urs Müller-Richter & Stefan Hartmann

  2. Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland

    Urs Müller-Richter

  3. Bayerisches Zentrum für Krebsforschung (BZKF), Würzburg, Deutschland

    Urs Müller-Richter

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  1. Urs Müller-Richter
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Correspondence to Urs Müller-Richter .

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  1. Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Deutschland

    Urs Müller-Richter

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Müller-Richter, U., Hartmann, S. (2022). Karzinome der Mundhöhle. In: Müller-Richter, U. (eds) Medikamentöse Tumortherapie von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62808-9_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62808-9_5

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