Abstract
Injury to the trigeminal nerve is a well-recognized risk associated with certain routine dental and oral surgical procedures. The assessment and management of a patient with a traumatic trigeminal neuropathy requires a logical stepwise approach.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alkan A, İnal S, Yildirim M, Baş B, Ağar E (2007) The effects of hemostatic agents on peripheral nerve function: an experimental study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65(4):630–634
Alling C, Schwartz E, Campbell R et al (1992) Algorithms for diagnostic assessment and surgical treatment of traumatic trigeminal neuropathies and neuralgias. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 4:555
Bagheri S, Meyer R, Khan H, Kuhmichel A, Steed M (2010) Retrospective review of microsurgical repair of 222 lingual nerve injuries. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 68:715–723
Bemerich A, Wiegel W, Thien T, Dietz T (1988) Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) in the therapy of chronic pain. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 16:379
Blackburn C, Bramley P (1985) Lingual nerve damage associated with the removal of lower third molars. Br Dent J 167:103
Bowers CA, Taussky P, Duhon BS, Chin SS, Couldwell WT (2011) Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour of the trigeminal nerve: case report and literature review. (Translated from eng). Br J Neurosurg 25(6):750–753 (In Eng)
Campbell R (1992) The role of diagnostic nerve blocks in the diagnosis of truamatic trigeminal neuralgia. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 4:369
Chhabra A et al (2011) MR neurography: past, present, and future. (Translated from eng). AJR Am J Roentgenol 197(3):583–591 (In Eng)
Chhabra A, Faridian-Aragh N (2012) High-resolution 3-T MR neurography of femoral neuropathy. (Translated from eng). AJR Am J Roentgenol 198(1):3–10 (In Eng)
Conrad S (2001) Neurosensory disturbance as a result of chemical injury to the inferior alveolar nerve. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 13:255–263
Dodson TB, Kaban LB (1997) Recommendations for management of trigeminal nerve defects based on a critical appraisal of the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 55(12):1380–1386
Donoff RB (1995) Experimental topical tetracycline-induced neuritis in the rat. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 53(4):434
Donoff RB (1997) Recommendations for management of trigeminal nerve defects based on a critical appraisal of the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 55(12):1387
Donoff RB, Colin W (1990) Neurologic complications of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2:453
Ellies LG (1999) The incidence of altered sensation of the mental nerve after mandibular implant placement. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 57(12):1410–1412
Eslami A, Van Swol RL, Sadeghi EM (1987) Connective tissue reactions to 3 % tetracycline Âointment in rat skin. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 45(10):866–872
Essick G (1992) Comprehensive clinical evaluation of perioral sensory function. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 4:503
Frerich B, Cornelius C-P, Wiethölter H (1994) Critical time of exposure of the rabbit inferior alveolar nerve to Carnoy’s solution. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 52(6):599–606
Garisto G, Gaffen A, Lawrence H et al (2010) Occurrence of paresthesia after dental local anesthetic administration in the United States. J Am Dent Assoc 141:836
Ghali G, Epker B (1989) Clinical neurosensory testing: practical applications. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 47:1074
Girard K (1979) Considerations in the management of damage to the mandibular nerve. J Am Dent Assoc 98:65
Gregg J (2001) Nonsurgical management of traumatic trigeminal neuralgias and sensory neuropathies. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 13:375
Gregg J (1990) Studies of traumatic neuralgias in the maxillofacial region: symptom complexes and response to microsurgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 48:135
Haas D, Lennon D (1995) A 21-year retrospective study of reports of paresthesia following local anesthetic administration. J Can Dent Assoc 61:319
Harn S, Durham T (1990) Incidence of lingual nerve trauma and postinjection complications in conventional mandibular block anesthesia. J Am Dent Assoc 121:519
Hatano Y, Kurita K, Kuroiwa Y, Yuasa H, Ariji E (2009) Clinical evaluations of the coronectomy (intentional partial odontectomy) for mandibular third molars using dental computed tomography: a case–control study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 67:1806–1814
He L (1987) Involvement of endogenous opioid peptides in acupuncture analgesia. Pain 31:99
Hillerup S, Jensen R, Ersboll B (2011) Trigeminal nerve injury associated with injection of local anesthetic: needle lesion or neurotoxicity. J Am Dent Assoc 142:531–539
Jabaley M (1981) Current concepts in nerve repair. Clin Plast Surg 8:33
Kermarrec E et al (2010) Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging of the peripheral nerves: current techniques, promising directions, and open issues. (Translated from eng). Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 14(5):463–472 (In Eng)
Kipp D, Goldstein B, Weiss W (1980) Dysesthesia after mandibular third molar surgery: a retrospective study and analysis of 1,377 surgical procedures. J Am Dent Assoc 100(2):185–192
Krafft T, Hickel R (1994) Clinical investigation into the incidence of direct damage to the lingual nerve caused by local anesthesia. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 22:294
Kraut R, Chahal O (2002) Management of patients with trigeminal nerve injuries after mandibular implant placement. J Am Dent Assoc 133(10):1351–1354
LaBanc J, Gregg J (1992) Basic problems, historical perspectives, early successes and remaining challenges. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 4:277
Leist J, Zuniga J (1995) Experimental topical tetracycline-induced neuritis in the rat. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 53:432
Loescher A, Robinson P (1998) The effect of surgical medicaments on peripheral nerve function. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 36:330
Loescher AR (2005) The effect of injury and protocols for management. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 63(8):10
Louis P (2001) Inferior alveolar nerve transposition for endosseous implant placement. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 13:265
Mackinnon S, Dellon A (1988) Surgery of the peripheral nerve. Thieme Medical Publishers, New York
Martinoli C (2010) Imaging of the peripheral nerves. (Translated from eng). Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 14(5):461–462 (In Eng)
Meyer R (1992) Applications of microneurosurgery to the repair of trigeminal nerve injuries. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 4:405
Meyer R, Rath E (2001) Sensory rehabilitation after trigeminal nerve injury or repair. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 13:365
Meyer R, Ruggiero S (2001) Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of peripheral trigeminal nerve injuries. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 13:383
Miloro M (2001) Radiologic assessment of the trigeminal nerve. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 13:315–323
Moore J, Brekke J (1990) Foriegn body giant cell reaction related to placement of tetracycline-treated polylactic acid. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 48:808
Morani AC, Ramani NS, Wesolowski JR (2011) Skull base, orbits, temporal bone, and cranial nerves: anatomy on MR imaging. (Translated from eng). Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 19(3):439–456 (In Eng)
Morris C, Rasmussen J, Throckmorton G, Finn R (2010) The anatomic basis of lingual nerve trauma associated with inferior alveolar block injections. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 68:2833–2836
Nagamatsu M, Podratz J, Windebank A (1997) Acidity is involved in the development of neuropathy caused by oxidized celluose. J Neurol Sci 146:97
O’Shea K, Feinberg JH, Wolfe SW (2011) Imaging and electro diagnostic work-up of acute adult brachial plexus injuries. (Translated from eng). J Hand Surg Eur 36(9):747–759 (In Eng)
Pogrel M, Schmidt B (2001) Trigeminal nerve chemical neurotrauma from injectable materials. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 13:247
Pogrel M, Thamby S (2000) Permanent nerve involvement from inferior alveolar nerve blocks. J Am Dent Assoc 31:901
Pogrel MA, Jergensen R, Burgon E, Hulme D (2011) Long-term outcome of trigeminal nerve injuries related to dental treatment. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 69(9):2284–2288
Rath E (2001) Peripheral neurotrauma-induced sensory neuropathy. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 13:223–235
Robinson P (1988) Observations on the recovery of sensation following inferior alveolar nerve injuries. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 26:117
Sunderland S (1978) Nerves and nerve injuries. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
Susarla S, Dodson TB (2007) Preoperative computed tomography imaging in the management of impacted mandibular third molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:83–88
Susarla S, Kaban L, Donoff R, Dodson T (2007) Functional sensory recovery after trigeminal nerve repair. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 65:60–65
Tagliafico A et al (2010) Traumatic neuropathies: spectrum of imaging findings and postoperative assessment. (Translated from eng). Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 14(5):512–522 (In Eng)
Tay A, Zuniga J (2007) Clinical characteristics of trigeminal nerve injury referrals to a university center. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 36:922
Woertler K (2010) Tumors and tumor-like lesions of peripheral nerves. (Translated from eng). Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 14(5):547–558 (In Eng)
Zuniga J (1992) Normal response to nerve injury. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 4:323–337
Zuniga J (2007) Trigeminal nerve injury. Quintessence, Hanover Park
Zuniga J, Essick G (1992) A contemporary approach to the clinical evaluation of trigeminal nerve injuries. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 4:353
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ruggiero, S.L., Proothi, M. (2013). Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Trigeminal Nerve Injuries. In: Miloro, M. (eds) Trigeminal Nerve Injuries. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35539-4_20
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35539-4_20
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-35538-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-35539-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)