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Prosthetic Joint Infection: Diagnosis Update

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Prosthetic Joint Infections

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Abstract

The optimal methods to diagnose prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) present a number of significant challenges to clinicians. Conventional methods for detection of infections lack sensitivity and/or specificity.

In recent years, there has been increased research focussing on the optimisation of PJI diagnosis. These improvements include the development of clear, evidence-informed diagnostic criteria to harmonise the definition and classification of PJI. Research has also examined commonly applied serum and synovial inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein and synovial leukocyte parameters, to provide further clarity about the optimal cut-offs for these markers in different clinical scenarios. Methods to improve microbiological culture techniques have also been examined, including examination of the ideal specimens and specimen number and culture media and culture duration.

Finally, new markers including synovial leukocyte esterase and synovial alpha-defensin have been developed in attempt to improve the sensitivity and specificity of PJI diagnosis. This chapter will review the current evidence for PJI diagnosis.

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  1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University and Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Trisha Peel

  2. Divisions of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Departments of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology and Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Robin Patel

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    Trisha Peel

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Peel, T., Patel, R. (2018). Prosthetic Joint Infection: Diagnosis Update. In: Peel, T. (eds) Prosthetic Joint Infections. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65250-4_3

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