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NTM in Bronchiectasis

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Bronchiectasis

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Abstract

Recognition of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease has substantially increased over the past 30 years and is associated by all measures with an increase in incidence and prevalence worldwide [1, 2]. While Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) remains the most common of the NTM isolates causing lung disease throughout the world, there are geographic variations of other NTM species-specific lung disease differences at the inter- and intracontinental levels that are important to be aware of [3]. These differences are striking even across specific countries and states [4–6]. It is now estimated that there are nearly 200 different NTM species based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing emphasizing the importance of clinicians working closely with their laboratory colleagues to best identify and care for NTM lung disease patients. Prevalence rates of NTM lung disease have increased worldwide. Not surprisingly, prevalence rates of NTM lung disease appear to qualitatively parallel environmental NTM [7]. That is to say, despite the ubiquitous nature of NTM in the environment, geographic areas with increased NTM present appear to be associated with increased prevalence of NTM lung disease [4]. Complex relationships are nonetheless likely present linking the amount of NTM present in the general environment relative to corresponding household environments although this perspective is more speculation than based on robust data. The extent to which mitigation strategies in the household environment impact the occurrence and/or reinfection of NTM lung disease rates remains equally unclear [8].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Host Defence Unit, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London, SW3 6NP, UK

    Michael R. Loebinger

  2. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse Street, London, SW6 6LY, UK

    Michael R. Loebinger

  3. Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St. S.W., Rochester, MN, 5590, USA

    Timothy Aksamit

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Correspondence to Michael R. Loebinger .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine, University of Dundee , Dundee, United Kingdom

    James Chalmers

  2. Hospital Vall D’Hebron, Vall D’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) Respiratory Disease Department, Barcelona, Spain

    Eva Polverino

  3. Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy

    Stefano Aliberti

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Loebinger, M.R., Aksamit, T. (2018). NTM in Bronchiectasis. In: Chalmers, J., Polverino, E., Aliberti, S. (eds) Bronchiectasis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61452-6_14

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