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Glioma Stem-Like Cells in Tumor Growth and Therapy Resistance of Glioblastoma

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Advances in Biology and Treatment of Glioblastoma

Part of the book series: Current Cancer Research ((CUCR))

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Abstract

Glioblastoma is detrimental brain tumor with less than 2 years of life expectancy. They are refractory to conventional therapy and show high relapse rate. GBM tumors exhibit diverse intra-tumoral heterogeneity with multidirectional evolution of clones created by plethora of genetic and epigenetic events. Plasticity being an obstacle in targeting the GBM cells, discovery of glioma stem like cells (GSCs) a decade ago shed light on the dark side of GBM. The intrinsic escape pathways and quiescence encoded within GSCs in combination with niche signals offer advantages like resistance to radio/chemotherapy, high invasion and migration capabilities, trans-differentiation and enhanced self-renewal to tumor. This chapter summarizes the recent advances in the field of GSCs including the distinct molecular characteristics and importance of GSCs in therapy resistance. Though enormous attempts to deduce the puzzle of GSCs were made, the perspective in conjunction with whole tumor studies is still at stake which emphasize the requirement of in-depth studies.

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Abbreviations

CSC:

Cancer stem cell

DGC:

Differentiated glioma cell

GBM:

Glioblastoma

GSC:

Glioma stem-like cell

NSC:

Neural stem cell

TMZ:

Temozolomide

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Acknowledgement

KS thanks DST and DBT, Government of India for financial support. Infrastructural support by funding by funding from DBT, DST and UGC to MCB is acknowledged. KS is a JC Bose Fellow of the Department of Science and Technology. We thank Vikas Patil for performing the bioinformatics analysis. AV acknowledges IISc for the fellowship.

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    Abhirami Visvanathan & Kumaravel Somasundaram

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  1. Abhirami Visvanathan
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Correspondence to Kumaravel Somasundaram .

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    Kumaravel Somasundaram

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Visvanathan, A., Somasundaram, K. (2017). Glioma Stem-Like Cells in Tumor Growth and Therapy Resistance of Glioblastoma. In: Somasundaram, K. (eds) Advances in Biology and Treatment of Glioblastoma. Current Cancer Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56820-1_8

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