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Public Health Dimensions of Water Insecurity

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The Human Face of Water Security

Part of the book series: Water Security in a New World ((WSEC))

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Abstract

Water insecurity poses challenges to many sectors such as energy, housing, agriculture, and health. Similarly, public health addresses the biological, social, and psychological determinants of health at the population level and consequently must attend to issues in the same multiple sectors. This chapter examines the relationship between water insecurity and public health. It is argued that, in their primary roles of disease prevention/protection, mitigation, adaptation and health promotion, public health providers must lead initiatives to improve quality and ensure adequate quantities of water in order to sustain livelihoods, human well-being, and socio-economic development. Reciprocally, public health should be included in the development of public policies and community planning for water resources. Ten intersecting areas of water and public health concern are discussed: acute infection; chronic infection; food safety and security; malnutrition; maternal and newborn health; environmental integrity; disaster management; population growth; population safety; and, health information dissemination. Researchers in both development and public health need to increase their attention to identifying and evaluating the impacts of water as a hazard and of risk management strategies that can prevent, ameliorate, or mitigate water insecurities. Water security analysts need to include public health considerations in their analysis of security risks. Finally, the chapter provides examples of the intersection of water insecurity and public health from both industrial and develo** parts of the world.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Annually, LMICs and HICs are defined by the World Bank from the analytical classification of the world’s economies based on estimates of gross national income (GNI) per capita for the previous year. As of July 2015, low-income economies are defined as those with a GNI per capita, calculated using the World Bank Atlas method, of $1045 or less in 2013; middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1045 but less than $12,746; high-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $12,746 or more. Lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $4125. [From http://data.worldbank.org/news/2015-country-classifications , retrieved August 9, 2015]

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Acknowledgement

The author is grateful for the assistance of Dr. Corinne Schuster-Wallace, Senior Research Fellow, UNU-INWEH, in the preparation of this chapter. Her technical knowledge and passion for improving health, especially in rural and remote communities, enriches the global water security and public health dialogue.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Social Work, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    Susan Watt

  2. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, Hamilton, ON, Canada

    Susan Watt

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  1. Susan Watt
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Correspondence to Susan Watt .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. China International Water Law (CIWL), School of Law, **amen University, **amen, Fujian, China

    David Devlaeminck

  2. Pacific Water Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada

    Zafar Adeel

  3. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

    Robert Sandford

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Watt, S. (2017). Public Health Dimensions of Water Insecurity. In: Devlaeminck, D., Adeel, Z., Sandford, R. (eds) The Human Face of Water Security. Water Security in a New World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50161-1_8

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