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SUMO and Chromatin Remodeling

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SUMO Regulation of Cellular Processes

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 963))

Abstract

Many of the known SUMO substrates are nuclear proteins, which regulate gene expression and chromatin dynamics. Sumoylation, in general, appears to correlate with decreased transcriptional activity, and in many cases modulation of the chromatin template is implicated. Sumoylation of the core histones is associated with transcriptional silencing, and transcription factor sumoylation can decrease gene expression by promoting recruitment of chromatin modifying enzymes. Additionally, sumoylation of transcriptional corepressors and chromatin remodeling enzymes can influence interactions with other transcriptional regulators, and alter their enzymatic activity. In some cases, proteins that are components of transcriptional corepressor complexes have been shown to be SUMO E3 ligases, further emphasizing the integration of sumoylation with the regulation of chromatin remodeling. Despite the evidence suggesting that sumoylation is primarily repressive for access to chromatin, recent analyses suggest that protein sumoylation on the chromatin template may play important roles at highly expressed genes. Elucidating the dynamic interplay of sumoylation with other post-translational modifications of histones and chromatin associated proteins will be key to fully understanding the regulation of access to the chromatin template.

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Abbreviations

SUMO:

small ubiquitin like modifier

Ubc9:

ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 9

HAT:

histone acetyl transferase

HDAC:

histone deacetylase

HP1:

heterochromatin protein 1

MAR:

matrix attachment region

PML:

promyelocytic leukemia protein

PIAS:

protein inhibitor of activated STAT

RING:

really interesting new gene (a zinc binding domain)

SP-RING:

Siz/PIAS RING

PRC:

polycomb repressive complex

CBX:

chromobox

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA

    David Wotton & Jacqueline Merrill-Schools

  2. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA

    Lucy F. Pemberton

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  1. David Wotton
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  2. Lucy F. Pemberton
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  3. Jacqueline Merrill-Schools
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Correspondence to David Wotton .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA

    Van G. Wilson

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Wotton, D., Pemberton, L.F., Merrill-Schools, J. (2017). SUMO and Chromatin Remodeling. In: Wilson, V. (eds) SUMO Regulation of Cellular Processes. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 963. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50044-7_3

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