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Drugs Acting on the Gut: Prokinetics, Antispasmodics, Laxatives

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Pediatric Neurogastroenterology

Abstract

Disorders of gastrointestinal motility result from abnormal contractions of the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract. This may result in diarrhea and bloating or constipation with or without accompanying abdominal pain. Drugs that act on the gastrointestinal tract may be categorized into three groups: (1) agents that enhance smooth muscle contractions, referred to as prokinetic agents; (2) agents that inhibit contractions, which may be agents that retard normal peristalsis referred to as antimotility agents (opiates and opiate receptor agonists), or agents that reduce abnormally elevated gastrointestinal smooth muscle tone, referred to as antispasmodics (anticholinergics, direct smooth muscle relaxers, and calcium channel blockers); and (3) agents that act to promote evacuation of stool, referred to as laxatives. This chapter will discuss prokinetics, antimotility agents, and antispasmodics, as well as laxatives commonly used in clinical practice.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Banner Children’s Diamond Medical Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Aileen F. Har M.D., B.Ch.

  2. Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA

    Joseph M. B. Croffie M.D., M.P.H.

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  1. Aileen F. Har M.D., B.Ch.
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  2. Joseph M. B. Croffie M.D., M.P.H.
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Correspondence to Joseph M. B. Croffie M.D., M.P.H. .

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  1. Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Québec, Canada

    Christophe Faure

  2. Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom

    Nikhil Thapar

  3. Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology, and Nutrition, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Carlo Di Lorenzo

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Har, A.F., Croffie, J.M.B. (2017). Drugs Acting on the Gut: Prokinetics, Antispasmodics, Laxatives. In: Faure, C., Thapar, N., Di Lorenzo, C. (eds) Pediatric Neurogastroenterology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43268-7_44

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