Abstract
Increasing demand for high computational power and high density memories enforces rapid development of microelectronic technologies. However, classical, silicon-based electronic elements cannot be miniaturized infinitely. Therefore, in order to sustain rapid development of information processing devices, new approaches towards future computing devices are needed. These approaches encompass either search for new material technologies or new information processing paradigms. In this chapter we present our contribution to the field including both approaches. We introduce classical, Boolean logic devices based on different materials and nanoscale implementations of ternary logic, fuzzy logic and neuromimetic computing.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abidian, M.R., Martin, D.C.: Multifunctional nanobiomaterials for neural interfaces. Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 573–585 (2009)
Martino, N., Ghezzi, D., Benfenati, F., Lanzani, G., Antognazza, M.R.: Organic semiconductors for artificial vision. J. Mater. Chem. B 1, 3768–3780 (2013)
Somasundaram, S., Chenthamarakshan, C.R., de Tacconi, N.R., Ming, Y., Rajeshwar, K.: Photoassisted deposition of chalcogenide semiconductors on the titanium dioxide surface: mechanistic and other aspects. Chem. Mater. 16, 3846–3852 (2004)
de Tacconi, N.R., Chenthamarakshan, C.R., Rajeshwar, K., Tacconi, E.J.: Selenium modified titanium dioxide photochemical diode/electrolyte junctions: photocatalytic and electrochemical preparation, characterization and model simulations. J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 11953–11960 (2005)
Rajeshwar, K., de Tacconi, N.R., Chenthamarakshan, C.R.: Spatially directed electrosynthesis of semiconductors for photoelectrochemical applications. Curr. Opin. Solid State 8, 173–182 (2004)
Poznyak, S.K., Kulak, A.I.: Photoelectrochemical properties of bismuth oxyhalide films. Electrochim. Acta 35, 1941–1947 (1990)
Szaciłowski, K., Macyk, W.: Chemical switches and logic gates based on surface modified semiconductors. Comptes Rendus Chim. 9, 315–324 (2006)
Memming, R.: Semiconductor Electrochemistry, 1st edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (2001)
Kwolek, P., Szaciłowski, K.: Photoelectrochemistry of n-type bismuth oxyiodide. Electrochim. Acta 104, 448–453 (2013)
Kwolek, P., Pilarczyk, K., Tokarski, T., Mech, J., Irzmański, J., Szaciłowsk, K.: Photoelectrochemistry of n-type antimony sulfoiodide nanowires. Nanotechnology 26, 105710-1–105710-9 (2015)
Kwolek, P., Pilarczyk, K., Tokarski, T., Lapczynska, M., Pacia, M., Szacilowski, K.: Lead molybdate - a promising material for optoelectronics and photocatalysis. J. Mater. Chem. C. 3, 2614–2623 (2015)
Beránek, R., Kisch, H.: A hybrid semiconductor electrode for wavelength-controlled switching of the photocurrent direction. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47, 1320–1322 (2008)
Kwolek, P., Pilarczyk, K., Tokarski, T., Lewandowska, K., Szacilowski, K.: BixLa1-xVO4 solid solutions: tuning of electronic properties via stoichiometry modifications. Nanoscale 6(4), 2244–2254 (2014)
Wardman, P.: Reduction potentials of one-electron couples involving free radicals in aqueous solution. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 18, 1637–1755 (1989)
Sawyer, D.T., Valentine, J.S.: How super is superoxide? Acc. Chem. Res. 14, 393–400 (1981)
Bard, A.J., Stratmann, M., Licht, S.: Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry, Semiconductor Electrodes and Photoelectrochemistry. Wiley, Weinheim (2002)
Walter, M.G., Warren, E.L., McKone, J.R., Boettcher, S.W., Mi, Q., Santori, E.A., et al.: Solar water splitting cells. Chem. Rev. 110, 6446–6473 (2010)
Tan, M.X., Laibinis, P.E., Nguyen, S.T., Kesselman, J.M., Stanton, C.E., Lewis, N.S.: Principles and applications of semiconductor photoelectrochemistry. Prog. Inorg. Chem. 41, 21–144 (1994)
van de Krol, R., Grätzel, M.: Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production. Springer, New York (2011)
Yin, W.J., Wei, S.H., Al-Jassim, M.M., Turner, J., Yan, Y.: Do** properties of monoclinic BiVO4 studied by first-principles density-functional theory. Phys. Rev. B 83(15), 1–11 (2011)
Hodes, G., Howell, I.D.J., Peter, L.M.: Nanocrystalline photoelectrochemical cells a new concept in photovoltaic cells. J. Electrochem. Soc. 139, 3136–3140 (1992)
Szaciłowski, K., Macyk, W., Stochel, G.: Synthesis, structure and photoelectrochemical properties of the TiO\(_{2}\) - Prussian blue nanocomposite. J. Mater. Chem. 16, 4603–4611 (2006)
Macyk, W., Stochel, G., Szaciłowski, K.: Photosensitization and photocurrent switching effect in nanocrystalline titanium dioxide functionalized with iron(II) complexes: a comparative study. Chem. Eur. J. 13, 5676–5687 (2007)
Gawęda, S., Stochel, G., Szaciłowski, K.: Bioinspired nanodevice based on the folic acid/titanium dioxide system. Chem. Asian J. 2, 580–590 (2007)
Gawęda, S., Stochel, G., Szaciłowski, K.: Photosensitization and photocurrent switching in carminic acid/titanium dioxide hybrid material. J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 19131–19141 (2008)
Podborska, A., Gaweł, B., Pietrzak, Ł., Szymańska, I.B., Jeszka, J.K., Łasocha, W., et al.: Anomalous photocathodic behavior of CdS within the Urbach tail region. J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 6774–6784 (2009)
Hebda, M., Stochel, G., Szaciłowski, K., Macyk, W.: Optoelectronic switches based on wide bandgap semiconductors. J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 15275–15283 (2006)
Szaciłowski, K., Macyk, W., Stochel, G.: Light-driven OR and XOR programmable chemical logic gates. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 4550–4551 (2006)
Szaciłowski, K., Macyk, W.: Working prototype of an optoelectronic XOR/OR/YES reconfigurable logic device based on nanocrystalline semiconductors. Solid State Electron. 50, 1649–1655 (2006)
Lu, B., Zhu, Y.: Synthesis and photocatalysi performances of bismuth oxynitrate with layared structures. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16, 16509–16514 (2014)
El Harakeh, M., Alawieh, L., Saouma, S., Halaoui, L.I.: Charge separation and photocurrent polarity-switching at CdS quantum dots assembly in polyelectrolyte interfaced with hole scavengers. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 11, 5962–5973 (2009)
Ogawa, S., Hu, K., Fan, F., Bard, A.J.: Photoelectrochemistry of films of quantum size lead sulfide particles incorporated in self-assembled monolayers on gold. J. Phys. Chem. B 101, 5707–5711 (1997)
Gawęda, S., Kowalik, R., Kwolek, P., Macyk, W., Mech, J., Oszajca, M., et al.: Nanoscale digital devices based on the photoelectrochemical photocurrent switching effect: preparation, properties and applications. Isr. J. Chem. 51, 36–55 (2011)
Kuncewicz, J., Ząbek, P., Kruczała, K., Szaciłowski, K., Macyk, W.: Photocatalysis involving a visible light-induced hole injection in a chromate(VI)-TiO\(_{2}\) system. J. Phys. Chem. C 116, 21762–21770 (2012)
Chen, X., Yeganeh, S., Qin, L., Li, S., Xue, C., Braunschweig, A.B., et al.: Chemical fabrication of heterometallic nanogaps for molecular transport junctions. Nano Lett. 12, 3974–3979 (2009)
Prezhdo, O.V., Duncan, W.R., Prezhdo, V.V.: Photoinduced electron dynamics at the chromophore-semiconductor interface: a time-domain ab initio perspective. Prog. Surf. Sci. 84, 30–68 (2009)
Creutz, C., Brunschwig, B.S., Sutin, N.: Interfacial charge transfer absorption: semiclassical treatment. J. Phys. Chem. B 109, 10251–10260 (2005)
Creutz, C., Brunschwig, B.S., Sutin, N.: Interfacial charge transfer absorption: application to metal-molecule assemblies. Chem. Phys. 324, 244–258 (2006)
Adams, D.M., Brus, L., Chidsey, C.E.D., Creager, S., Creutz, C., Kagan, C.R., et al.: Charge transfer on the nanoscale: current status. J. Phys. Chem. B 107, 6668–6697 (2003)
Creutz, C., Brunschwig, B.S., Sutin, N.: Interfacial charge transfer absortion: 3. application to semiconductor-molecule assemblies. J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 25181–25190 (2006)
Sakata, T., Hashimoto, K., Hiramoto, M.: New aspects of electron transfer on semiconductor surface: dye-sensitization system. J. Phys. Chem. 94, 3040–3045 (1990)
Kitao, O.: Photoinduced electron transfer in dye-sensitized solar cells: modified Sakata-Hashimoto-Hiramoto model (MSHH). J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 15889–15902 (2007)
Kwolek, P., Oszajca, M., Szaciłowski, K.: Catecholate and 2,3-acenediolate complexes of d\(^{0}\) ions as prospective materials for molecular electronics and spintronics. Coord. Chem. Rev. 56, 1706–1731 (2012)
Macyk, W., Szaciłowski, K., Stochel, G., Buchalska, M., Kuncewicz, J., Łabuz, P.: Titanium(IV) complexes as direct TiO\(_{2}\) photosensitizers. Coord. Chem. Rev. 254, 2687–2701 (2010)
Oszajca, M., Kwolek, P., Mech, J., Szaciłowski, K.: Substituted polyacenes as prospective modifiers of TiO\(_{2}\) surface. Curr. Phys. Chem. 1, 242–260 (2011)
Rego, L.G.C., Batista, V.S.: Quantum dynamics simulations of interfacial electron transfer in sensitized TiO\(_{2}\) semiconductors. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 7989–7997 (2003)
Abuabara, S.G., Rego, L.G.C., Batista, V.S.: Influence of thermal fluctuations on interfacial electron transfer in functionalized TiO\(_{2}\) semiconductors. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 18234–18242 (2005)
Prezhdo, O.V., Duncan, W.R., Prezhdo, V.V.: Dynamics of the photoexcited electron at the chromophore-semiconductor interface. Acc. Chem. Res. 41(2), 339–348 (2008)
Duncan, W.R., Prezhdo, O.V.: Theoretical studies of photoinduced electron transfer in dye-sensitized TiO\(_{2}\). Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 58, 143–184 (2007)
Ardo, S., Meyer, G.J.: Photodriven heterogeneous charge transfer with transition-metal compounds anchoder to TiO\(_{2}\) surfaces. Chem. Soc. Rev. 38, 115–164 (2009)
Duncan, W.R., Stier, W.M., Prezhdo, O.V.: Ab initio nonadiabatic molecular dynamics of the ultrafast electron injection across the alizarin-TiO\(_{2}\) interface. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 7941–7951 (2005)
Rajh, T., Chen, L.X., Lukas, K., Liu, T., Thurnauer, M.C., Tiede, D.M.: Surface restructuring of nanoparticles: an efficient route for ligand-metal oxide crosstalk. J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 10543–10552 (2002)
Regazzoni, A.E., Mandelbaum, P., Matsuyoshi, M., Schiller, S., Bilmes, S.A., Blesa, M.A.: Adsorption and photooxidation of salicylic acid on titanium dioxide: a surface complexation description. Langmuir 14, 868–874 (1998)
Szaciłowski, K., Macyk, W.: Photoelectrochemical photocurrent switching effect: a new platform for molecular logic devices. Chimia 61, 831–834 (2007)
Szaciłowski, K., Macyk, W., Hebda, M., Stochel, G.: Redox-controlled photosensitization of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide. Chem. Phys. Chem. 7, 2384–2391 (2006)
Long, M., Beránek, R., Cai, W., Kisch, H.: Hybrid semiconductor electrodes for light-driven photoelectrochemical switches. Electrochim. Acta 53, 4621–4626 (2008)
Agostinelli, G., Dunlop, E.D.: Local inversion of photocurrent in cadmium telluride solar cells. Thin Solid Films 431–432, 448–452 (2003)
Nam, K.M., Park, H.S., Lee, H.C., Meekins, B.H., Leonard, K.C., Bard, A.J.: Compositional screening of the Pb-Bi-Mo-O system. Spontaneous formation of a composite of p-PbMoO\(_{4}\) and n-Bi\(_{2}\)O\(_{3}\) with improved photoelectrochemical efficiency and stability. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 4, 2707–2710 (2013)
Zheng, J.Y., Song, G., Kim, C.W., Kang, Y.S.: Facile preparation of p-CuO and p-CuO/n-CuWO4 junction thin films and their photoelectrochemical properties. Electrochim. Acta 69, 340–344 (2012)
Warzecha, M., Oszajca, M., Pilarczyk, K., Szaciłowski, K.: A three-valued photoelectrochemical logic device realising accept anything and consensus operations. Chem. Commun. 51, 3559–3561 (2015)
Lewandowska, K., Podborska, A., Kwolek, P., Kim, T.-D., Lee, K.-S., Szaciłowski, K.: Optical signal demultiplexing and conversion in the fullerene-oligothiophene-CdS system. Appl. Surf. Sci. 319, 285–290 (2014)
Lewandowska, K., Szaciłowski, K.: Molecular photodiode and two-channel demultiplexer based on the [60]fullerene-porphyrin tetrad. Aust. J. Chem. 64, 1409–1413 (2011)
Gawęda, S., Podborska, A., Macyk, W., Szaciłowski, K.: Nanoscale optoelectronic switches and logic devices. Nanoscale 1, 299–316 (2009)
Bendikov, M., Wudl, F., Perepichka, D.F.: Tetrathiafulvalenes, oligoacenes and their buckminsterfullerene derivatives: the bricks and mortar of organic electronics. Chem. Rev. 104, 4891–4945 (2004)
Ishii, H., Sugiyama, K., Ito, E., Seki, K.: Energy level alignment and interfacial electronic structures at organic/metal and organic/organic interfaces. Adv. Mater. 11, 605–625 (1999)
Linsebigler, A.L., Lu, G., Yates Jr., J.T.: Photocatalysis on TiO\(_2\) surfaces: principles, mechanisms, and selected results. Chem. Rev. 95, 735–758 (1995)
Fujishima, A., Zhang, X., Tryk, D.A.: TiO\(_2\) photocatalysis and related surface phenomena. Surf. Sci. Rep. 63, 515–582 (2008)
Podborska, A., Szaciłowski, K.: Towards ‘computer-on-a-particle’ devices: optoelectronic 1:2 demultiplexer based on nanostructured cadmium sulfide. Aust. J. Chem. 63, 165–168 (2010)
Maharjan, A., Pemasiri, K., Kumar, P., Wade, A., Smith, L.M., Jackson, H.E., et al.: Room temperature photocurrent spectroscopy of single zincblende and wurtzite InP nanowires. Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 193115 (2009)
Yang, F., Huang, K., Ni, S., Wang, Q., He, D.: W\(_{18}\)O\(_{49}\) nanowires as ultraviolet photodetector. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 5, 416–419 (2010)
Fang, X., Bando, Y., Liao, M., Gautam, U.K., Zhi, C., Dierre, B., et al.: Single-crystalline ZnS nanobelts as ultraviolet-light sensors. Adv. Mater. 21, 2034–2039 (2009)
Zhai, T., Fang, X., Li, L., Bando, Y., Goldberg, D.: One-dimensional CdS nanostructures: synthesis, properties and applications. Nanoscale 2, 168–187 (2010)
Mech, J., Kowalik, R., Podborska, A., Kwolek, P., Szaciłowski, K.: Arithmetic device based on multiple Schottky-like junctions. Aust. J. Chem. 63, 1330–1333 (2010)
Łukasiewicz, J.: Aristtle’s Syllogistic from the Standpoint of Modern Formal Logic. Claredon Press, Oxford (1951)
Goble, L.: The Blackwell Guide to Philosophical Logic. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken (2001)
Łukasiewicz, J.: In: Borkowski, L. (ed.) Selected Works. North-Holland, Amsterdam (1970)
Fisch, M., Turquette, A.: Peirce’s triadic logic. TCS Peirce Soc. 2, 71–85 (1966)
Elati, M., Neuvial, P., Bolotin-Fukuhara, M., Barillot, E., Radvanyi, F., Rouveirol, C.: LICORN: learning cooperative regulation networks from gene expression data. Bioinformatics 23, 2407–2414 (2007)
Morris, M.K., Saez-Rodriguez, J., Sorger, P.K., Lauffenburger, D.A.: Logic-based models for the analysis of cell signaling networks. Biochemistry 49, 3216–3224 (2010)
IGad, R.: Logical and Linguistic Problems of Social Communication with Aymara People. International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Ottawa (1984)
Miriel, J., Fermanel, F.: Classic wall gas boiler regulation and a new thermostat using fuzzy logic – Improvements achieved with a fuzzy thermostat. Appl Energ. 68, 229–47 (2001)
Glaser, A.: History of Binary and Other Nondecimal Numeration. Tomash Publishers, Los Angeles (1971)
**, Y., He, H., Lü, Y.: Ternary optical computer principle. Sci. China Ser. F 46, 145–150 (2003)
Brousentsov, N.P., Maslov, S.P., Ramil Alvarez, J., Zhogolev, E.A.: Development of ternary computers at Moscow State University: Russian virtual computer museum. Available from: http://www.computer-museum.ru/english/setun.htm (2010). Accessed 26 March 2010
Stakhov, A.: Brousentsov’s ternary principle, Bergman’s number system and ternary mirror-symmetrical arithmetic. Comput. J. 45, 221–236 (2002)
Morisue, M., Endo, J., Morooka, T., Shimizu, N., Sakamoto, M.: In: 28th International Symposium on Multi Valued Logic, pp. 19–24 (1998)
Natarajan, J., Coles, M., Cebollero, M.: Pro T-SQL Programmer’s Guide. Apress, New York (2015)
Liang, J., Chen, L., Han, J., Lombardi, F.: Design and evaluation of multiple valued logic gates using pseudo N-type carbon nanotube FETs. IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol. 13, 695–708 (2014)
Bajec, I.L., Zimic, N., Mraz, M.: The ternary quantum-dot cell and ternary logic. Nanotechnology 17, 1937–1942 (2006)
Saidutt, P.V., Srinivas V., Phaneendra, P.S., Muthukrishnan, N.M. (eds.): In: 2012 Asia Pacific Conference on Postgraduate Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PrimeAsia) (2012)
Liu, S., Li, C., Wu, J., Liu, Y.: Optoelectronic multiple-valued logic implementation. Opt. Lett. 14, 713–715 (1989)
Remón, P., Ferreira, R., Montenegro, J.M., Suau, R., Pérez-Inestrosa, E., Pischel, U.: Reversible molecular logic: a photophysical example of a Feynman gate. ChemPhysChem 10, 2004–2007 (2009)
Gentili, P.L.: The human sensory system as a collection of specialized fuzzifiers: a conceptual framework to inspire new artificial intelligent systems computing with words. J. Intell. Fuzzy Syst. 27, 2137–2151 (2014)
Gentili, P.L.: Small steps towards the development of chemical artificial intelligent systems. RSC Adv. 3, 25523–25549 (2013)
Zadeh, L.A.: Fuzzy sets. Inf. Control 8, 338–353 (1965)
Bergmann, M.: An Introduction to Many-Valued and Fuzzy Logic: Semantics, Algebras, and Derivation Systems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2008)
Mamdani, E.H., Assilian, S.: An experiment in linguistic synthesis with a fuzzy logic controller. Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud. 51, 135–147 (1999)
Bryan, L.A., Bryan, E.A.: Programmable Controllers: Theory and Implementation. Industrial Text Company, Marietta (1997)
Gentili, P.L., Horvath, V., Vanag, V.K., Epstein, I.R.: Belousov-Zhabotinsky “chemical neuron” as a binary and fuzzy logic processor. Int. J. Uncov. Comput. 8, 177–192 (2012)
Gentili, P.L.: Boolean and fuzzy logic gates based on the interaction of flindersine with bovine serum albumin and tryptophan. J. Phys. Chem. A 112, 11992–11997 (2008)
Gentili, P.L.: Boolean and fuzzy logic implemented at the molecular level. Chem. Phys. 336, 64–73 (2007)
Gentili, P.L.: The fundamental fuzzy logic operators and some complexoolean logic circuits implemented by the chomogenism of a spirooxazine. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13, 20335–20344 (2011)
Gentili, P.L.: The fuzziness of a chromogenic spiroxazine. Dyes Pigments 110, 235–248 (2014)
Gentili, P.L.: Molecular processors: from qubits to fuzzy logic. ChemPhysChem 12, 739–745 (2011)
Deaton, R., Garzon, M.: Fuzzy logic with biomolecules. Soft Comput. 5, 2–9 (2001)
Zadegan, R.M., Jepsen, M.D.E., Hildebrandt, L.L., Birkedal, V., Kjems, J.: Small 11, 1811–1817 (2015)
Huynh, V.N., Ho, T.B., Nakamori, Y.: A parametric representation of linguistic hedges in Zadeh’s fuzzy logic. Int. J. Approx. Reason. 30, 203–223 (2002)
Jang, J.S.R.: ANFIS: adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 23, 665–684 (1993)
Jang, J.S.R., Sun, C.T.: Neuro-fuzzy modeling and control. Proc. IEEE 83, 378–405 (1995)
Available from http://top500.org/
Song, S., Miller, K.D., Abbott, L.F.: Cometitive Hebbian learning through spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity. Nat. Neurosci. 3, 919–926 (2000)
Caporale, N., Dan, Y.: Spike timing-dependent plasticity: a Hebbian learning rule. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 31, 25–46 (2008)
Feldman, D.E.: The spike-timing dependence of plasticity. Neuron 75(4), 556–571. PubMed PMID: 22920249. Pubmed Central PMCID: 3431193, 23 Aug 2012
Martin, S.J., Grimwood, P.D., Morris, R.G.M.: Synaptic plasticity and memory: an evaluation of the hypothesis. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 23, 649–711 (2000)
George, D., Jaros, B.: The HTM learning algorithms. Numenta Inc Report (2007)
Hawkins, J., George, D.: Hierarchical Temporal Memory. Concepts, Theory, and Terminology. Numenta Inc Report (2006)
Warneke, B., Last, M., Liebowitz, B., Pister, K.S.J.: Smart dust: communicating with a cubic-millimeter computer. Computer 34, 2–9 (1997)
Link, J.R., Sailor, M.J.: Smart dust: self-assembling, self-orienting photonic crystals of porous Si. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100, 10607–10610 (2003)
Sailor, M.J., Link, J.R.: Smart dust: nanostructured devices on a grain of sand. Chem. Commun. 11, 1375–1383 (2005)
Katz, E., Willner, I.: Integrated nanoparticle-biomolecule hybrid systems: synthesis, properties and applications. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43, 6042–6108 (2004)
Katz, E., Willner, I., Wang, J.: Electroanalytical and bioelectroanalytical systems based on metal and semiconductor nanoparticles. Electroanalysis 16, 19–43 (2004)
Burns, A., Ow, H., Wiesner, U.: Fluorescent core-shell silica nanoparticles: towards “lab-on-a-paricle” architectures for nanobiotechnology. Chem. Soc. Rev. 35, 1028–1042 (2006)
Burns, A., Sengupta, P., Zedayko, T., Baird, B., Wiesner, U.: Core/shell fluorescent silicananopaticles for chemical sensing: towards single-particle laboratories. Small 2, 723–726 (2006)
Gill, R., Zayats, M., Willner, I.: Semiconductor quantum dots for bioanalysis. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47, 7602–7625 (2008)
Uchiyama, S., McClean, G.D., Iwai, K., de Silva, A.P.: Membrane media create small nanospaces for molecular computation. J Am Chem Soc. 127, 8920–1 (2005)
de Silva, A.P., Dobbin, C.M., Vance, T.P., Wannalerse, B.: Multiply reconfigurable ‘plug and play’ molecular logic via self-assembly. Chem. Commun. 11, 1386–1388 (2009)
Pallavicini, P., Diaz-Fernandez, Y.A., Pasotti, L.: Micelles as nanosized containers for the self-assembly of multicomponent fluorescent sensors. Coord. Chem. Rev. 253, 2226–2240 (2009)
Erokhin, V., Berzina, T., Smerieri, A., Camorani, P., Erokhina, S., Fontana, M.P.: Bio-inspired adaptive networks based on organic memristors. Nano Commun. Netw. 1, 108–117 (2010)
Erokhin, V., Berzina, T., Camorani, P., Smerieri, A., Vavoulis, D., Feng, J., et al.: Material memristive device circuits with synaptic plasticity: learning and memory. BioNanoScience 1, 24–30 (2011)
Erokhin, V., Berzina, T., Camorani, P., Fontana, M.P.: Non-equlibrium electrical behaviour of polymeric electrochemical junctions. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 19, 205111 (2007)
Berzina, T., Smerieri, A., Barnabó, M., Pucci, A., Ruggieri, G., Erokhin, V., et al.: Optimization of an organic memristor as an adaptive memory element. J. Appl. Phys. 105, 124515 (2009)
Ohno, T., Hasegawa, T., Tsuruoka, T., Terabe, K., Gimzewski, J.K., Aono, M.: Short-term plasticity and long-term potentiation mimicked in single inorganic synapses. Nat. Mater. 10, 591–595 (2010)
Kim, K., Chen, C.-L., Truong, Q., Shen, A.M., Chen, Y.: A carbon nanotube synapse with dynamic logic and learning. Adv. Mater. 25, 1693–1698 (2013)
Bichler, O., Zhao, W., Alibart, F., Pleutin, S., Vuillaume, D., Gamrat, C.: Functional model of a nanoparticle organic memory transistor for use as a spiking synapse. IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 57, 3115–3122 (2010)
Gerstner, W., Kistler, W.M.: Mathematical formulations of Hebbian learning. Biol. Cybern. 87, 404–415 (2002)
Datsyuk, V., Kalyva, M., Papagelis, K., Parthenios, J., Tasis, D., Siokou, A., et al.: Chemical oxidation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Carbon 46, 833–840 (2008)
Bi, G.Q., Poo, M.M.: Synaptic modifications in cultured hippocampal neurons: dependence on spike timing, synaptic strength, and postsynaptic cell type. J. Neurosci. 18, 10464–10472 (1998)
Legenstein, R., Pecevski, D., Maass, W.: A Learning Theory for Reward-Modulated Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity with Application to Biofeedback. PLoS Comput Biol. 4, e10000180 (2008)
Fiete, I.R., Senn, W., Wang, C.Z.H., Hahnloser, R.H.R.: Spike-time-dependent plasticity and heterosynaptic competition organize networks to produce long scale-free sequences of neural activity. Neuron 65, 563–576 (2010)
Rutherglen, C., Burke, P.: Carbon nanotube radio. Nano Lett. 7, 3296–3299 (2007)
Pilarczyk, K., Podborska, A., Lis, M., Kawa, M., Migdal, D., Szaciłowski, K.: Adv. Electron. Mater. (2016) doi:10.1002/aelm.201500471
Acknowledgments
The financial support from the National Science Centre (grants no. UMO-2012/05/N/ST5/00327, UMO-2013/11/D/ST5/03010 and UMO-2015/18/A/ST4/00058), the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant no. IP2012 030772) and the Foundation for Polish Science (grant no. 71/UD/SKILLS/2014 carried-out within the INTER programme, co-financed from the European Union within the European Social Fund) is gratefully acknowledged. P. Kwolek was supported by the Foundation for Polish Science within the START fellowship.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pilarczyk, K., Kwolek, P., Podborska, A., Gawęda, S., Oszajca, M., Szaciłowski, K. (2017). Unconventional Computing Realized with Hybrid Materials Exhibiting the PhotoElectrochemical Photocurrent Switching (PEPS) Effect. In: Adamatzky, A. (eds) Advances in Unconventional Computing. Emergence, Complexity and Computation, vol 23. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33921-4_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33921-4_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-33920-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-33921-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)