Abstract
This chapter presents the most recent advances in the conversion of rapeseed residues into valuable molecules. After a brief description of the lignocellulosic biomass biorefinery concept and its current state of art, the contents are then divided into different sections, according to the valorized residues. The use of electrotechnologies covers the bulk of the chapter. Studies focusing on isothiocyanate, polyphenol, and protein extraction from rapeseed steams, leaves, seeds, and cake have been respectively exposed. It was highlighted as a significant increase in polyphenol (≈5-fold) and protein (≈2-fold) content from pulsed electric fields (PEF)-pretreated samples under the optimum conditions (8 kV/cm, 2 ms, 10 bar) compared to the untreated ones. The potential of high-voltage electric discharges (HVED) (40 kV, 0–400 kJ/kg) to extract proteins, polyphenols, and isothiocyanates from seeds and cake obtained after oil extraction has also been demonstrated. The extraction of higher molecular weight molecules has also been studied. Indeed, delignification of rapeseed straws and hulls seemed to be improved thanks to a previous electric pretreatment step to the chemical pretreatment. An increase by 8 % and 5 % of delignification yields was observed from rapeseed hulls using HVED and PEF, respectively.
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Acknowledgments
F.J. Barba was supported from the Union by a postdoctoral Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship (Marie Curie IEF) within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (http://cordis.europa. eu/fp7/mariecurieactions/ief_en.html) (project number 626524 – HPBIOACTIVE – Mechanistic modeling of the formation of bioactive compounds in high-pressure processed seedlings of Brussels sprouts for effective solution to preserve healthy compounds in vegetables).
The work of M. Brahim was performed in partnership with the SAS PIVERT. Within the frame of the French Institute for the Energy Transition (Institut pour la Transition Energetique (ITE)) PIVERT (http://www.institut-pivert.com) was selected as an Investment for the Future (“Investissements d’Avenir”). This work was supported as part of the Investments for the Future by the French Government under reference ANR-001-01.
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Brahim, M., Barba, F.J., Boussetta, N., Brosse, N., Vorobiev, E. (2016). Pulsed Electric Fields and High-Voltage Electrical Discharges Assisted Extraction of Valuable Bio-compounds and Biopolymers from Rapeseed By-Products. In: Miklavcic, D. (eds) Handbook of Electroporation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26779-1_160-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26779-1_160-1
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