Abstract
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) refers to a rapidly progressive inability of the respiratory system to perform one or both of its gas exchange functions, which includes oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination. This is usually life threatening especially when it occurs in patients with underlying malignancy. In patients with acute leukemia or lymphoma, the incidence of ARF ranges from 10 to 20 % and increases to 40 % in those with neutropenia or bone marrow transplantation [1, 2]. ARF in patients with solid tumors has a lower incidence of about 1–5 %, with about 44–50 % mortality when these patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and required some form of ventilation [3–6]. Recent studies have shown that, in patients with ARF, noninvasive ventilation (NIV) can prevent the need for invasive mechanical ventilation, hence reducing the risks associated with this form of ventilation as well as reducing ICU and hospital stay [7–10]. There have also been reports of lower 30-day mortality with the use of NIV compared with invasive mechanical ventilation [11]. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the use of NIV in patients with solid malignancies emphasizing on indications and outcome.
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Kingah, P., Soubani, A.O. (2016). Noninvasive Ventilation in Patients with Solid Malignancies. In: Esquinas, A. (eds) Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21653-9_67
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21653-9_67
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
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