Circulating Cardiac Troponins as Specific Biomarkers of Myocardial Damage: Clinical Considerations

  • Chapter
Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease
  • 4402 Accesses

Abstract

Cardiac troponin (cTn) is one of the most widely used biomarkers in clinical care and biomedical research. Compared to the MB fraction of creatine kinase (CK-MB), cTn is the preferred biomarker for detecting myocardial necrosis because of its high myocardial tissue specificity and high clinical sensitivity. Although an elevated cTn value reflects injury leading to myocardial necrosis, the underlying mechanism may be difficult to ascertain. Such mechanisms may be ischemic, nonischemic, or analytical in origin and can only be determined by considering the clinical context in which the measurement is made.

The chapter discusses a general approach to the clinical interpretation of cTn elevation and how an acute myocardial infarction may be differentiated from other etiologies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
EUR 29.95
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
EUR 160.49
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
EUR 213.99
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Alpert JS, Thygesen K, Antman E, et al. Myocardial infarction redefined: a consensus document of The Joint European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Committee for the redefinition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36(3):959–69.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, White HD, on behalf of the Joint ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF Task Force for the Redefinition of Myocardial Infarction. Universal definition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(22):2173–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, Simoons ML, Chaitman BR, White HD, on behalf of the Joint ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF Task Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60(16):1581–98.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Newby LK, Jesse RL, Babbb JD, Christenson RH, De Fer TM, Diamond GA, Fesmire FM, Geraci SA, Gersh BJ, Larsen GC, Kaul S, McKay CR, Philippides GJ, Weintraub WS, ACCF. Expert consensus document on practical clinical considerations in the interpretation of troponin elevations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60(23):2427–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Nomenclature and criteria for diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. Report of the Joint International Society and Federation of Cardiology/World Health Organization task force on standardization of clinical nomenclature. Circulation. 1979;59(3):607–9.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Moussa ID, Klein LW, Shah B, Mehran R, Mack MJ, Brilakis ES, Reilly JP, Zoghbi G, Holper E, Stone GW. Consideration of a new definition of clinically relevant myocardial infarction after coronary revascularization. An expert consensus document from the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(17):1563–70.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. White HD. Torrent of troponin. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2014;7:435–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Anderson JL, Adams CD, Antman EM, et al. 2012 ACCF/AHA focused update incorporated into the ACCF/AHA 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina/non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(23):e179–347.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Braunwald E, Morrow DA. Unstable angina: is it time for a requiem? Circulation. 2013;127:2452–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Kociol RD, Pang PS, Gheorghiade M, Fonarow GC, O’Connor CM, Felker GM. Troponin elevation in heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;56(14):1071–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Peacock WF, De Marco T, Fonarow GC, et al. Cardiac troponin and outcome in acute heart failure. N Eng J Med. 2008;358:2117–26.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Wilson Tang WH, Francis GS, Morrow DA, Newby LK, Cannon CP, Jesse RL, Storrow AB, Christenson RH. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine practice guidelines: clinical utilization of cardiac biomarker testing in heart failure. Circulation. 2007;116:e99–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Becattini C, Vedovatia MC, Agnelli G. Prognostic value of troponins in acute pulmonary embolism: focus on serum troponins. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2008;8(3):339–49.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Beccattini C, Vedovati MC, Agnelli G. Prognostic value of troponins in acute pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis. Circulation. 2007;116:427–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Khan NA, Hemmelgarn BR, Tonelli M, et al. Prognostic value of troponin T and I among asymptomatic patients with end-stage renal disease: a meta-analysis. Circulation. 2005;112:3088–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Wu AH, Jaffe AS, Apple FS, et al. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry laboratory medicine practice guidelines: use of cardiac troponin and B-type natriuretic peptide or N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide for etiologies other than acute coronary syndromes and heart failure. Clin Chem. 2007;53:2086–96.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Shapiro BP, Jaffe AS. Cardiac biomarkers. In: Murphy JG, Lloyd MA, editors. Mayo clinic cardiology: concise textbook. 3rd ed. Rochester: Mayo Clinic Scientific Press; 2007. p. 773–80. New York: Informa Healthcare USA.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karen A. Hicks MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Additional information

Disclaimer

This chapter reflects the views of the author and should not be construed to represent FDA’s views or policies.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hicks, K.A. (2015). Circulating Cardiac Troponins as Specific Biomarkers of Myocardial Damage: Clinical Considerations. In: Jagadeesh, G., Balakumar, P., Maung-U, K. (eds) Pathophysiology and Pharmacotherapy of Cardiovascular Disease. Adis, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15961-4_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15961-4_11

  • Publisher Name: Adis, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-15960-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-15961-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation