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Enhancement of Image Content for Observers with Colour Vision Deficiencies

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Color Image and Video Enhancement

Abstract

Colour vision deficiency (CVD) represents a functional disorder, predominantly caused by hereditary reasons, which results in difficulties in colour recognition and differentiation. As the use of colour to convey visual information in contemporary digital environment increases, it becomes more justified to tackle the issue of information accessibility. What colour-impaired observers actually see is of high value for understanding their visual problems in daily life. Many simulation methods confirmed in practice allow an average observer to view the image from the perspective of colour-deficient observers—“to look the world through their eyes”. We can make advantage of such simulations to define colour schemes that are suitable for everyone or to define optimal adaptation of the image content for the target population. The chapter summarizes the state of the art in enhancement methods, that is, daltonization methods, for adapting confusing image colours perceived as the same by colour-deficient viewers and, thus, enhancing their perceived image quality and accessibility in retrieving information.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Afterimage is a phenomenon when the long exposition to one colour stimulus results in the appearance of its opponent colour on a white background after cancelling the stimulus.

  2. 2.

    Simultaneous contrast is a phenomenon when stimuli shift in colour appearance with the change of background colour.

  3. 3.

    There are many similar transformation matrices available in scientific literature, but none of them has been defined as a standard. Currently, the CIE technical committee TC1-36 is working on this recommendation for the CIE 1931 20 and the CIE 1964 100 standard observers.

  4. 4.

    Colour vision deficiency is also known as daltonism due to John Dalton, the first researcher who made notes about CVDs and was colour-blind himself.

  5. 5.

    The cross-modal organization is a phenomenon describing the brain’s capability of reorganizing itself when it is deprived of input in one sensory modality in order to enhance other senses.

  6. 6.

    The metameric colours are stimuli with different spectral compositions that appear the same when viewed under one set of viewing conditions but distinct under another.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 6, Novi Sad, Serbia

    Neda Milić, Dragoljub Novaković & Branko Milosavljević

Authors
  1. Neda Milić
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  2. Dragoljub Novaković
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  3. Branko Milosavljević
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Correspondence to Neda Milić .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Science dept., Louisiana State University Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA

    Emre Celebi

  2. Fondazione Bruno Kessler Center for Information and Communication Technology, Trento, Italy

    Michela Lecca

  3. Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

    Bogdan Smolka

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Milić, N., Novaković, D., Milosavljević, B. (2015). Enhancement of Image Content for Observers with Colour Vision Deficiencies. In: Celebi, E., Lecca, M., Smolka, B. (eds) Color Image and Video Enhancement. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09363-5_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09363-5_11

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-09363-5

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