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The Role of Transcriptomics in Redefining Critical Illness

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Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2023

Part of the book series: Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine ((AUICEM))

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Abstract

Transcriptomics is the study of all the RNA that makes up a tissue or cell, and offers a powerful way to unravel the highly heterogeneous syndromes that are encountered in critical care. Notably, the host response to sepsis is inundated with complexity, and has been subject to numerous investigations to determine the role of coding and non-coding RNAs. In the blood alone, RNAs undergo vast and dynamic regulatory changes as sepsis progresses, knowledge of which has significantly contributed to the understanding of the dysregulated pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. Despite better comprehension, the morbidity and mortality of these patients remains high. The inherent heterogeneity is proving to be difficult to grasp, and highlights a compelling need to improve, and potentially redefine the prevailing approach towards managing sepsis. This chapter provides an overview on how transcriptomics can facilitate progression towards better outcomes for critically ill patients, from understanding sepsis pathophysiology, to develo** host biomarkers for early detection, and deriving new enrichment strategies to welcome a more personalized approach to treatment.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, NSW, Australia

    T. M. Pelaia, M. Shojaei & A. S. McLean

  2. Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia

    M. Shojaei

Authors
  1. T. M. Pelaia
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  2. M. Shojaei
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  3. A. S. McLean
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Correspondence to T. M. Pelaia .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

    Jean-Louis Vincent

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Pelaia, T.M., Shojaei, M., McLean, A.S. (2023). The Role of Transcriptomics in Redefining Critical Illness. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2023. Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23005-9_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23005-9_1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-23004-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-23005-9

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