Abstract
Following the discovery of the peroxidase activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles in 2007, nanozymes, which are artificial nanomaterials exhibiting enzymatic properties, have been rapidly developped to overcome the limitations of natural enzymes. Here we review nanozyme classification and applications such as immunoassay, biosensor, disease imaging and therapy. We discuss optimized protocols for production, the catalytic mechanism, standardized performance assessment, and toxicity.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali SS, Hardt JI, Quick KL et al (2004) A biologically effective fullerene (C60) derivative with superoxide dismutase mimetic properties. Free Radic Biol Med 37:1191–1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.07.002
Asati A, Santra S, Kaittanis C et al (2009) Oxidase-like activity of polymer-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles. Angew Chem 121:2344–2348
Cao W, Lin J, Muhammad F et al (2019) Porous ruthenium selenide nanoparticle as a peroxidase mimic for glucose bioassay. J Anal Test 3:253–259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41664-019-00104-0
Chandane P, Ladke J, Jori C et al (2019) Synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles from scrap iron and use of their peroxidase like activity for phenol detection. J Environ Chem Eng 7:103083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2019.103083
Chen Z, Liu C, Cao F et al (2018) DNA metallization: principles, methods, structures, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 47:4017–4072. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00011e
Cheng N, Shi Q, Zhu C et al (2019) Pt–Ni(OH)2 nanosheets amplified two-way lateral flow immunoassays with smartphone readout for quantification of pesticides. Biosens Bioelectron 142:111498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2019.111498
Dai Z, Liu S, Bao J, Ju H (2009) Nanostruetured FeS as a mimic peroxidase for biocatalysis and biosensing. Chem Eur J 15:4321–4326. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.200802158
Ding H, Cai Y, Gao L et al (2018) Exosome-like nanozyme vesicles for H2O2-responsive catalytic photoacoustic imaging of xenograft nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Nano Lett 19:203–209
Ding Y, Ren G, Wang G et al (2020) V2O5 nanobelts mimick tandem enzymes to achieve nonenzymatic online monitoring of glucose in living rat brain. Anal Chem 92:4583–4591. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05872
Dong H, Fan Y, Zhang W et al (2019) Catalytic mechanisms of nanozymes and their applications in biomedicine. Bioconjug Chem 30:1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00171
Duan D, Fan K, Zhang D et al (2015) Nanozyme-strip for rapid local diagnosis of Ebola. Biosens Bioelectron 74:134–141
Dugan LL, Turetsky DM, Du C et al (1997) Carboxyfullerenes as neuroprotective agents. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:9434–9439. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.17.9434
Dutta AK, Maji SK, Srivastava DN et al (2012) Synthesis of FeS and FeSe nanoparticles from a single source precursor: a study of their photocatalytic activity, peroxidase-like behavior, and electrochemical sensing of H2O2. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4:1919–1927. https://doi.org/10.1021/am300408r
Elsabahy M, Wooley KL (2012) Design of polymeric nanoparticles for biomedical delivery applications. Chem Soc Rev 41:2545–2561. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2CS15327K
Fan K, Cao C, Pan Y et al (2012) Magnetoferritin nanoparticles for targeting and visualizing tumour tissues. Nat Nanotechnol 7:459–464
Fan K, ** J, Fan L et al (2018) In vivo guiding nitrogen-doped carbon nanozyme for tumor catalytic therapy. Nat Commun 9:1440. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03903-8
Farka Z, Čunderlová V, HoráČková V et al (2018) Prussian blue nanoparticles as a catalytic label in a sandwich nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anal Chem 90:2348–2354
Fu Y, Zhao X, Zhang J, Li W (2014) DNA-based platinum nanozymes for peroxidase mimetics. J Phys Chem C 118:18116–18125. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp503242e
Ganganboina AB, Doong R (2018) The biomimic oxidase activity of layered V2O5 nanozyme for rapid and sensitive nanomolar detection of glutathione. Sensors Actuators B Chem 273:1179–1186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.07.038
Gao L, Gao X, Yan X (2020) Kinetics and mechanisms for nanozymes. In: Yan X (ed) Nanozymology: connecting biology and nanotechnology. Springer, Singapore 17–39
Gao L, Zhuang J, Nie L et al (2007) Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Nat Nanotechnol 2:577–583. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2007.260
Gao L, Liu M, Ma G et al (2015) Peptide-conjugated gold nanoprobe: intrinsic nanozyme-linked immunsorbant assay of integrin expression level on cell membrane. ACS Nano 9:10979–10990
Gao Z, Ye H, Tang D et al (2017) Platinum-decorated gold nanoparticles with dual functionalities for ultrasensitive colorimetric in vitro diagnostics. Nano Lett 17:5572–5579
Ge J, Yang X, Luo J et al (2019) Ordered mesoporous CoO/CeO2 heterostructures with highly crystallized walls and enhanced peroxidase-like bioactivity. Appl Mater Today 15:482–493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2019.03.009
Golchin J, Golchin K, Alidadian N et al (2017) Nanozyme applications in biology and medicine: an overview. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 45:1069–1076. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2017.1313268
Gupta A, Das R, Yesilbag Tonga G et al (2018) Charge-switchable nanozymes for bioorthogonal imaging of biofilm-associated infections. ACS Nano 12:89–94
Hayat A, Haider W, Raza Y, Marty JL (2015) Colorimetric cholesterol sensor based on peroxidase like activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles incorporated carbon nanotubes. Talanta 143:157–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.051
He W, Han X, Jia H et al (2017) AuPt alloy nanostructures with tunable composition and enzyme-like activities for colorimetric detection of bisulfide. Sci Rep 7:40103. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep40103
He L, Lu Y, Gao X et al (2018) Self-cascade system based on cupric oxide nanoparticles as dual-functional enzyme mimics for ultrasensitive detection of silver ions. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 6:12132–12139. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b02476
Heckert EG, Karakoti AS, Seal S, Self WT (2008) The role of cerium redox state in the SOD mimetic activity of nanoceria. Biomaterials 29:2705–2709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.03.014
Higuchi A, Di SY, Yang ST et al (2008) Preparation of a DNA aptamer-Pt complex and its use in the colorimetric sensing of thrombin and anti-thrombin antibodies. Anal Chem 80:6580–6586. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac8006957
Huang Y, Ren J, Qu X (2019) Nanozymes: classification, catalytic mechanisms, activity regulation, and applications. Chem Rev 119:4357–4412. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00672
Huo M, Wang L, Chen Y, Shi J (2017) Tumor-selective catalytic nanomedicine by nanocatalyst delivery. Nat Commun 8:357. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00424-8
Jia H, Yang D, Han X et al (2016) Peroxidase-like activity of the Co3O4 nanoparticles used for biodetection and evaluation of antioxidant behavior. Nanoscale 8:5938–5945. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6nr00860g
Jiang T, Song Y, Wei T et al (2016) Sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157: H7 using Pt–Au bimetal nanoparticles with peroxidase-like amplification. Biosens Bioelectron 77:687–694
Jiang B, Duan D, Gao L et al (2018) Standardized assays for determining the catalytic activity and kinetics of peroxidase-like nanozymes. Nat Protoc 13:1506–1520. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-018-0001-1
Karim MN, Singh M, Weerathunge P et al (2018) Visible-light-triggered reactive-oxygen-species-mediated antibacterial activity of peroxidase-mimic CuO nanorods. ACS Appl Nano Mater 1:1694–1704. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.8b00153
Khan AA, Rahmani AH, Aldebasi YH, Aly SM (2014) Biochemical and pathological studies on peroxidases -an updated review. Glob J Health Sci 6:87–98. https://doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v6n5p87
Khoris IM, Takemura K, Lee J et al (2019) Enhanced colorimetric detection of norovirus using in-situ growth of Ag shell on Au NPs. Biosens Bioelectron 126:425–432
Kim MI, Shim J, Li T et al (2011) Fabrication of nanoporous nanocomposites entrap** Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles and oxidases for colorimetric biosensing. Chem Eur J 17:10700–10707
Kim CK, Kim T, Choi I-Y et al (2012a) Ceria nanoparticles that can protect against ischemic stroke. Angew Chem Int Ed 51:11039–11043. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201203780
Kim MI, Shim J, Li T et al (2012b) Colorimetric quantification of galactose using a nanostructured multi-catalyst system entrap** galactose oxidase and magnetic nanoparticles as peroxidase mimetics. Analyst 137:1137–1143
Kim J, Cho HR, Jeon H et al (2017) Continuous O(2)-evolving MnFe(2)O(4) nanoparticle-anchored mesoporous silica nanoparticles for efficient photodynamic therapy in hypoxic cancer. J Am Chem Soc 139:10992–10995. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b05559
Ko E, Tran VK, Son SE et al (2019) Characterization of Au@PtNP/GO nanozyme and its application to electrochemical microfluidic devices for quantification of hydrogen peroxide. Sensors Actuators B Chem 294:166–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2019.05.051
Korsvik C, Patil S, Seal S, Self WT (2007) Superoxide dismutase mimetic properties exhibited by vacancy engineered ceria nanoparticles. Chem Commun 10:1056–1058. https://doi.org/10.1039/b615134e
Kuchma MH, Komanski CB, Colon J et al (2010) Phosphate ester hydrolysis of biologically relevant molecules by cerium oxide nanoparticles. Nanomed Nanotechnol Biol Med 6:738–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2010.05.004
Kumari S, Dhar BB, Panda C et al (2014) Fe-TAML encapsulated inside mesoporous silica nanoparticles as peroxidase mimic: femtomolar protein detection. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6:13866–13873
Kwon HJ, Kim D, Seo K et al (2018) Ceria nanoparticle systems for selective scavenging of mitochondrial, intracellular, and extracellular reactive oxygen species in Parkinson’s disease. Angew Chem Int Ed 57:9408–9412. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201805052
Li X, Wei J, Aifantis KE et al (2016) Current investigations into magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications. J Biomed Mater Res Part A 104:1285–1296
Li J, Wang J, Wang Y, Trau M (2017) Simple and rapid colorimetric detection of melanoma circulating tumor cells using bifunctional magnetic nanoparticles. Analyst 142:4788–4793
Liang M, Yan X (2019) Nanozymes: from new concepts, mechanisms, and standards to applications. Acc Chem Res 52:2190–2200. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00140
Liu G-F, Filipović M, Ivanović-Burmazović I et al (2008) High catalytic activity of dendritic C60 monoadducts in metal-free superoxide dismutation. Angew Chem 120:4055–4058. https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.200800008
Liu J, Hu X, Hou S et al (2012a) Au@Pt core/shell nanorods with peroxidase- and ascorbate oxidase-like activities for improved detection of glucose. Sensors Actuators B Chem 166–167:708–714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2012.03.045
Liu M, Zhao H, Chen S et al (2012b) Stimuli-responsive peroxidase mimicking at a smart graphene interface. Chem Commun 48:7055–7057
Liu Y, Goebl J, Yin Y (2013a) Templated synthesis of nanostructured materials. Chem Soc Rev 42:2610–2653. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2cs35369e
Liu YL, Zhao XJ, Yang XX, Li YF (2013b) A nanosized metal–organic framework of Fe-MIL-88NH 2 as a novel peroxidase mimic used for colorimetric detection of glucose. Analyst 138:4526–4531
Liu CP, Wu TH, Lin YL et al (2016) Tailoring enzyme-like activities of gold nanoclusters by polymeric tertiary amines for protecting neurons against oxidative stress. Small 12:4127–4135. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201503919
Liu F, Lin L, Zhang Y et al (2019a) A tumor-microenvironment-activated nanozyme-mediated theranostic nanoreactor for imaging-guided combined tumor therapy. Adv Mater 31:1902885. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902885
Liu W, Li Z, Jia H et al (2019b) Shell surface sulfidation mediated the plasmonic response of Au@Ag NPs for colorimetric sensing of sulfide ions and sulfur. Appl Surf Sci 481:678–683. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.03.175
Liu C, Yan Y, Zhang X et al (2020) Regulating the pro- and anti-oxidant capabilities of bimetallic nanozymes for the detection of Fe2+ and protection of: monascus pigments. Nanoscale 12:3068–3075. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr10135g
Liu YQ, Mao Y, Xu E et al (2021) Nanozyme scavenging ROS for prevention of pathologic α-synuclein transmission in Parkinson’s disease. Nano Today 36:101027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2020.101027
Loynachan CN, Thomas MR, Gray ER et al (2018) Platinum nanocatalyst amplification: redefining the gold standard for lateral flow immunoassays with ultrabroad dynamic range. ACS Nano 12:279–288
Manea F, Houillon FB, Pasquato L, Scrimin P (2004) Nanozymes: gold-nanoparticle-based transphosphorylation catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed 43:6165–6169. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200460649
Mao Y, Jia F, **g T et al (2021) Enhanced multiple enzymelike activity of PtPdCu trimetallic nanostructures for detection of Fe2+and evaluation of antioxidant capability. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 9:569–579. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08230
Niu X, Cheng N, Ruan X et al (2020) Review – nanozyme-based immunosensors and immunoassays: recent developments and future trends. J Electrochem Soc 167:037508. https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0082003jes
Osuna S, Swart M, Solà M (2010) On the mechanism of action of fullerene derivatives in superoxide dismutation. Chem Eur J 16:3207–3214. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.200902728
Ouyang H, Lu Q, Wang W et al (2018) Dual-readout immunochromatographic assay by utilizing MnO2 nanoflowers as the unique colorimetric/chemiluminescent probe. Anal Chem 90:5147–5152
Paquin F, Rivnay J, Salleo A et al (2015) Multi-phase semicrystalline microstructures drive exciton dissociation in neat plastic semiconductors. J Mater Chem C 3:10715–10722. https://doi.org/10.1039/b000000x
Patel S, Nanda R, Sahoo S, Mohapatra E (2016) Biosensors in health care: the milestones achieved in their development towards lab-on-chip-analysis. Biochem Res Int
Pirmohamed T, Dowding JM, Singh S et al (2010) Nanoceria exhibit redox state-dependent catalase mimetic activity. Chem Commun 46:2736–2738. https://doi.org/10.1039/b922024k
Ragg R, Schilmann AM, Korschelt K et al (2016) Intrinsic superoxide dismutase activity of MnO nanoparticles enhances the magnetic resonance imaging contrast. J Mater Chem B 4:7423–7428
Samuel ELG, Marcano DC, Berka V et al (2015) Highly efficient conversion of superoxide to oxygen using hydrophilic carbon clusters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:2343–2348. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1417047112
Shin HY, Park TJ, Kim MI (2015) Recent research trends and future prospects in nanozymes. J Nanomater 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/756278
Singh S (2019) Nanomaterials exhibiting enzyme-like properties (nanozymes): current advances and future perspectives. Front Chem 7:1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00046
Singh N, Savanur MA, Srivastava S et al (2017) A redox modulatory Mn3O4 nanozyme with multi-enzyme activity provides efficient cytoprotection to human cells in a Parkinson’s disease model. Angew Chem Int Ed 56:14267–14271. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201708573
Song Y, Qu K, Zhao C et al (2010a) Graphene oxide: intrinsic peroxidase catalytic activity and its application to glucose detection. Adv Mater 22:2206–2210. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200903783
Song Y, Wang X, Zhao C et al (2010b) Label-free colorimetric detection of single nucleotide polymorphism by using single-walled carbon nanotube intrinsic peroxidase-like activity. Chem Eur J 16:3617–3621. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.200902643
Tao Y, Lin Y, Huang Z et al (2013) Incorporating graphene oxide and gold nanoclusters: a synergistic catalyst with surprisingly high peroxidase-like activity over a broad pH range and its application for cancer cell detection. Adv Mater 25:2594–2599
Tarnuzzer RW, Colon J, Patil S, Seal S (2005) Vacancy engineered ceria nanostructures for protection from radiation-induced cellular damage. Nano Lett 5:2573–2577. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl052024f
Thiramanas R, Jangpatarapongsa K, Tangboriboonrat P, Polpanich D (2013) Detection of vibrio cholerae using the intrinsic catalytic activity of a magnetic polymeric nanoparticle. Anal Chem 85:5996–6002
Tokuyama H, Yamago S, Nakamura E et al (1993) Photoinduced biochemical activity of fullerene carboxylic acid. J Am Chem Soc 115:7918–7919. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00070a064
Tonga GY, Jeong Y, Duncan B et al (2015) Supramolecular regulation of bioorthogonal catalysis in cells using nanoparticle-embedded transition metal catalysts. Nat Chem 7:597–603. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2284
Vernekar AA, Sinha D, Srivastava S et al (2014) An antioxidant nanozyme that uncovers the cytoprotective potential of vanadia nanowires. Nat Commun 5:5301. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms6301
Wang H-S (2017) Metal–organic frameworks for biosensing and bioimaging applications. Coord Chem Rev 349:139–155
Wang Z, Liu H, Yang SH et al (2012) Nanoparticle-based artificial RNA silencing machinery for antiviral therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci 109:12387–12392. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1207766109
Wang X, Guo W, Hu Y, et al (2016) Nanozymes: Next wave of artificial enzymes
Wang Z, Zhang Y, Ju E et al (2018) Biomimetic nanoflowers by self-assembly of nanozymes to induce intracellular oxidative damage against hypoxic tumors. Nat Commun 9:3334. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-05798-x
Wang H, Wan K, Shi X (2019) Recent advances in nanozyme research. Adv Mater 31:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201805368
Weerathunge P, Ramanathan R, Shukla R et al (2014) Aptamer-controlled reversible inhibition of gold nanozyme activity for pesticide sensing. Anal Chem 86:11937–11941
Wei H, Wang E (2013) Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (nanozymes): next-generation artificial enzymes. Chem Soc Rev 42:6060–6093. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cs35486e
Wei J, Yang Y, Dong J et al (2019) Fluorometric determination of pesticides and organophosphates using nanoceria as a phosphatase mimic and an inner filter effect on carbon nanodots. Microchim Acta 186. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-3175-x
Wei D, Zhang X, Chen B, Zeng K (2020) Using bimetallic Au@ Pt nanozymes as a visual tag and as an enzyme mimic in enhanced sensitive lateral-flow immunoassays: application for the detection of streptomycin. Anal Chim Acta 1126:106–113
Wu Y, Ma Y, Xu G et al (2017) Metal-organic framework coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles with peroxidase-like activity for colorimetric sensing of cholesterol. Sensors Actuators B Chem 249:195–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2017.03.145
**ao C, Li J, Zhang G (2018) Synthesis of stable burger-like α-Fe2O3 catalysts: formation mechanism and excellent photo-Fenton catalytic performance. J Clean Prod 180:550–559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.127
**e Y, Kocaefe D, Chen C, Kocaefe Y (2016) Review of research on template methods in preparation of nanomaterials. J Nanomater 2016:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2302595
Zhan L, Li CM, Wu WB, Huang CZ (2014) A colorimetric immunoassay for respiratory syncytial virus detection based on gold nanoparticles–graphene oxide hybrids with mercury-enhanced peroxidase-like activity. Chem Commun 50:11526–11528
Zhang X-Q, Gong S-W, Zhang Y et al (2010) Prussian blue modified iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles and their high peroxidase-like activity. J Mater Chem 20:5110–5116
Zhang L-N, Deng H-H, Lin F-L et al (2014) In situ growth of porous platinum nanoparticles on graphene oxide for colorimetric detection of cancer cells. Anal Chem 86:2711–2718
Zhang W, Niu X, Meng S et al (2018a) Histidine-mediated tunable peroxidase-like activity of nanosized Pd for photometric sensing of Ag+. Sensors Actuators B Chem 273:400–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2018.06.071
Zhang Y, Wang F, Liu C et al (2018b) Nanozyme decorated metal–organic frameworks for enhanced photodynamic therapy. ACS Nano 12:651–661. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b07746
Zhang A, Pan S, Zhang Y et al (2019) Carbon-gold hybrid nanoprobes for real-time imaging, photothermal/photodynamic and nanozyme oxidative therapy. Theranostics 9:3443–3458. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.33266
Zhang X, Lu Y, Chen Q, Huang Y (2020) A tunable bifunctional hollow Co3O4/MO3(M = Mo, W) mixed-metal oxide nanozyme for sensing H2O2 and screening acetylcholinesterase activity and its inhibitor. J Mater Chem B 8:6459–6468. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TB01337D
Zhao Q, Huang H, Zhang L et al (2016a) Strategy to fabricate naked-eye readout ultrasensitive plasmonic nanosensor based on enzyme mimetic gold nanoclusters. Anal Chem 88:1412–1418
Zhao Y, Liang M, Li X et al (2016b) Bioengineered magnetoferritin nanoprobes for single-dose nuclear-magnetic resonance tumor imaging. ACS Nano 10:4184–4191
Zhen W, Liu Y, Lin L et al (2018) BSA-IrO2: catalase-like nanoparticles with high photothermal conversion efficiency and a high X-ray absorption coefficient for anti-inflammation and antitumor theranostics. Angew Chem 130:10466–10470
Zheng T, Zhang Q, Feng S et al (2014) Robust nonenzymatic hybrid nanoelectrocatalysts for signal amplification toward ultrasensitive electrochemical cytosensing. J Am Chem Soc 136:2288–2291
Zheng Y, Liu W, Qin Z et al (2018) Mercaptopyrimidine-conjugated gold nanoclusters as nanoantibiotics for combating multidrug-resistant superbugs. Bioconjug Chem 29:3094–3103. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00452
Zhong Y, Tang X, Li J et al (2018) A nanozyme tag enabled chemiluminescence imaging immunoassay for multiplexed cytokine monitoring. Chem Commun 54:13813–13816. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CC07779G
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mogili, N.V., Pahil, S., Nazeer, A.A., Vijaykumar, S.D. (2023). Biological Applications of Nanozymes. In: Daima, H.K., PN, N., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Nanozymes in Medicine. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 72. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20581-1_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20581-1_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-20580-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-20581-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)