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Genetic Diversity of Fig Varieties

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Fig (Ficus carica): Production, Processing, and Properties

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Abstract

Ficus carica L., the common fig, is a Mediterranean crop with ambiguous cultivar identification. This fruit is of great importance worldwide, being able to be implanted as a new source of agricultural variability. Therefore, the genetic characterization of the available germplasm is involved in restoring and protecting potential local varieties for ecological agriculture. The assessment of the genetic variability of fig is a key tool for the selected programs to identify varieties that could be used as natural sources of attracting bioactive compounds that may have an array of potential applications. Hybridization, local adaptation, clinal variation, and recurrent colonization episodes contribute to genetic variability. Thus, autogamous species invasion resulted in genetically homogeneous populations. Genetical diversity of fig is also critical for predicting its future dispersal in the face of global climate change. From that perspective, the current knowledge of the genetic variability of Ficus carica L. is reviewed in this chapter. Fingerprinting was done on various samples, including local varieties, caprifigs, and reference samples. Therefore, many approaches have been employed in DNA fingerprinting of the Ficus carica L., including PCR-RFLP fingerprinting, SSR, and Microsatellite markers as efficient methods to evaluate the fig tree diversity. It was concluded that the most divergent accessions presented characteristics of agronomic interest, allowing the selection of features to subsidize conservation works, genetic improvement, and crop production.

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Abbreviations

AMOVA:

Molecular Variance Analysis

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

GO:

Genetic Ontology

ISSR:

Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats

Itraq:

Isobaric Tags for Relative and Absolute Quantitation

LTR:

Long Terminal Repeat

NCGR:

National Clonal Germplasm Repository

PCA:

Principal Component Analysis

PCR:

Polymerase Chain Reaction

RAPD:

Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA

RFLP:

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism

SAS:

Statistical Analysis System

SSR:

Simple-Sequence Repeats

UPGMA:

Unweighted Pair-Group Approach of Arithmetic Averages

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. EcoChem Laboratory, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage (UCAR), Tunis, Tunisia

    Rim Ben Abdallah, Imed Othmani, Amel Lagha & Sami Fattouch

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  1. Rim Ben Abdallah
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  2. Imed Othmani
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  3. Amel Lagha
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  4. Sami Fattouch
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Correspondence to Rim Ben Abdallah .

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  1. Department of Clinical Nutrition Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan

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Ben Abdallah, R., Othmani, I., Lagha, A., Fattouch, S. (2023). Genetic Diversity of Fig Varieties. In: Ramadan, M.F. (eds) Fig (Ficus carica): Production, Processing, and Properties. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16493-4_4

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