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Novel Pharmacotherapies for L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia

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Handbook of Neurotoxicity

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Abstract

Dyskinesia or abnormal involuntary movement is an unfortunate consequence of long-term therapy with L-DOPA, a gold standard for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is affected by age of onset, duration and severity of PD, L-DOPA dose, as well as gender. The main treatment modality is reduction of L-DOPA dose. Although administration of apomorphine, amantadine, and clozapine may be helpful, more effective pharmacotherapies are urgently needed. Recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of LID have led to suggestions of novel interventions. In this chapter, three classes of drugs, nicotinic receptor agonists, glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, and cannabinoid receptor agonists, where their effectiveness in preclinical studies has been established, will be discussed in detail.

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Abbreviations

ACh:

Acetylcholine

AMPA:

Alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid

BDNF:

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

BG:

Basal ganglia

CB:

Cannabinoid

CBD:

Cannabidiol

CBRs:

Cannabinoid receptors

COMT:

Catechol-O-methyltransferase

DRD2Taq1A:

DRD2 gene Taq1A

DA:

Dopamine

DAT:

DA transporter

DRD2:

DA receptor D2

ECs:

Endocannabinoids

GPCRs:

G-protein-coupled receptors

L-DOPA:

Levodopa

LID:

L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

LRRK2:

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2

mGluRs:

Metabotropic glutamate receptors

MOA:

Monoamine oxidase

1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium:

MPP+

MPTP:

1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine

nAChRs:

Nicotinic cholinergic receptors

NMDA:

N-methyl-D-aspartate

6-OHDA:

6-hydroxydopamine

PARK2:

Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase

PARK7:

Parkinson’s disease protein 7

PCP:

Phencyclidine

P-CREB:

Phosphorylated CAMP response element-binding protein

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

PINK1:

PTEN-induced putative kinase 1

PTSD:

Post-traumatic stress disorder

rTMS:

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

SNc:

Substantia nigra pars compacta

THCV:

Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin

TRPV-1:

Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1

Δ9-THC:

Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol

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Acknowledgments

Supported in part by the Howard University College of Medicine Bridge Funds and Pilot Study Awards Program (BFPSAP) 2020–2021 (YT, RLC); Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-111693RBI00) and European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, AND-PD (grant agreement no. 848002) (RM); VIEP-BUAP 2020-2021(IDL); São Paulo State Foundation for the Support of Research (FAPESP, Brazil; Grants 2014/25029-4 and 2017/24304-0), CAPES-COFECUB Grant #848/15) (EDB); and NIH/NIEHS R01ES10563 (MA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA

    Yousef Tizabi, Bruk Getachew & Robert L. Copeland

  2. Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, and CIBERNED, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain

    Rosario Moratalla

  3. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, Spain

    Rosario Moratalla

  4. Laboratorio De Neurofarmacología, Facultad De Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico

    Felipe Patricio & Ilhuicamina Daniel Limón

  5. Department of Pharmacology, FMRP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

    Elaine Del-Bel

  6. Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA

    Michael Aschner

  7. Department of Basic and Oral Biology, FORP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

    Elaine Del-Bel

Authors
  1. Yousef Tizabi
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  2. Bruk Getachew
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  8. Michael Aschner
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Correspondence to Yousef Tizabi .

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  1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA

    Richard M. Kostrzewa

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Tizabi, Y. et al. (2022). Novel Pharmacotherapies for L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia. In: Kostrzewa, R.M. (eds) Handbook of Neurotoxicity. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15080-7_218

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