Abstract
A growing number of studies have shown the strong relationship between sleep and different cognitive processes, especially those that involve memory consolidation. Traditionally, these processes were attributed to mechanisms related to the macroarchitecture of sleep, as sleep cycles or the duration of specific stages, such as the REM stage. More recently, the relationship between different cognitive traits and specific waves (sleep spindles or slow oscillations) has been studied. We here present the most important physiological processes induced by sleep, with particular focus on brain electrophysiology. In addition, recent and classical literature were reviewed to cover the gap between sleep and cognition, while illustrating this relationship by means of clinical examples. Finally, we propose that future studies may focus not only on analyzing specific waves, but also on the relationship between their characteristics as potential biomarkers for multiple diseases.
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Acknowledgments
This research has been developed under the grants PID2020-115468RB-I00 and RTC-2017-6516-1 funded by “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación/Agencia Estatal de Investigación/10.13039/501100011033/” and ERDF A way of making Europe; under the R + D + i project “Análisis y correlación entre la epigenética y la actividad cerebral para evaluar el riesgo de migraña crónica y episódica en mujeres” (“Cooperation Programme Interreg V-A Spain-Portugal POCTEP 2014–2020”) funded by ‘European Commission’ and ERDF; and by “CIBER en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)” through “Instituto de Salud Carlos III” co-funded with ERDF funds.
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Gomez-Pilar, J., Gutiérrez-Tobal, G.C., Hornero, R. (2022). Covering the Gap Between Sleep and Cognition – Mechanisms and Clinical Examples. In: Penzel, T., Hornero, R. (eds) Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sleep Apnea . Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1384. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06413-5_2
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