Abstract
Taeniasis and cysticercosis are zoonotic diseases caused by Taenia saginata and Taenia solium. Tapeworms can infect the human intestine and have a wide geographic distribution. Taenia asiatica, another tapeworm species, was described in Southeast Asia. Larval stages of these cestodes (metacestodes or cysticerci) cause cysticercosis; T. saginata causes bovine cysticercosis, T. asiatica larvae develop in pig viscera, and T. solium may lead to cysticercosis in pig and human. Invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by parasite larvae may cause neurocysticercosis (NCC), one of the most prevalent parasitic infections of the human CNS. Taeniasis and cysticercosis continue to cause health problems and livestock industry losses in endemic areas as well as in non-endemic regions associated with travel and migrations. There are few symptoms associated with taeniasis. On the other hand, neurocysticercosis is pleomorphic and may be life-threatening, depending on the location, number, stage of cysticerci, and host immune response. Diagnosis of taeniasis is generally done by microscopic examinations of stool; detection of cysticercosis is generally performed by neuroimaging and immunoassays. Both conventional coprological techniques and immunological assays show limitations, and new more specific and sensitive diagnostic tools have been developed such as specific monoclonal antibodies, recombinant antigens, synthetic peptides, and PCR. Considering the clinical impact, veterinary problems, and economic losses derived from taeniasis/cysticercosis, control programs have been implemented. Moreover, several vaccine candidates have been characterized to complement control measures.
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Ferrer, E., Perteguer, M.J. (2022). Taeniasis and Cysticercosis. In: Bruschi, F. (eds) Helminth Infections and their Impact on Global Public Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-00303-5_9
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