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Fundamentals of Dielectric Spectroscopy in Polymer Nanocomposites

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Dynamics of Composite Materials

Part of the book series: Advances in Dielectrics ((ADVDIELECT))

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Abstract

Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites (PNCs) are strongly modulated by the properties of the interfacial polymer layer surrounding the nanofillers. This interfacial region in PNCs experiences significant structural and dynamic changes in comparison to the bulk polymer. In this chapter, we first discuss experimental data to demonstrate how the presence of the interfacial layer can be detected in the dielectric spectra of different PNCs. We emphasize the impact of nanoparticles on segmental and chain dynamics in PNCs. Then, we present various theoretical approaches to describe the dielectric spectra of the PNCs, explain the behavior of the dielectric parameters, and describe how to extract the characteristics of the interfacial layer. We emphasize that the dielectric signal in heterogeneous systems is not additive, and the interfacial layer model provides the most accurate description of the dielectric data in PNCs. We also emphasize the often overlooked experimental observation—a strong decrease in the dielectric strength of segmental relaxation in the interfacial layer.

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Abbreviations

APL:

Adsorbed Polymer Layer

BDS:

Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy

DSC:

Differential Scanning Calorimetry

GNPs:

Grafted Nanoparticles

GSNC:

Glycerol/Silica Nanocomposite

HN:

Havriliak−Negami

IL:

Interfacial Layer

ILM:

Interfacial Layer Model

MD:

Molecular Dynamic

MWS:

Maxwell–Wagner–Sillars

NMR:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

PNCs:

Polymer Nanocomposites

PI:

Polyisoprene

PPG:

Poly(propylene glycol)

PVAc:

Poly(vinyl acetate)

P2VP:

Poly(2vinyl pyridine)

SAXS :

Small Angle X-ray Scattering

SANS:

Small Angle Neutron Scattering

TMDSC:

Temperature-Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry

TPM:

Two Phase Model

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

    Ivan Popov & Alexei P. Sokolov

  2. Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA

    Alexei P. Sokolov

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  1. Ivan Popov
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  2. Alexei P. Sokolov
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Correspondence to Ivan Popov .

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  1. Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Andreas Schönhals

  2. Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany

    Paulina Szymoniak

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Popov, I., Sokolov, A.P. (2022). Fundamentals of Dielectric Spectroscopy in Polymer Nanocomposites. In: Schönhals, A., Szymoniak, P. (eds) Dynamics of Composite Materials. Advances in Dielectrics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89723-9_2

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