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Impaired Redox Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Aging

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Redox Signaling and Biomarkers in Ageing

Part of the book series: Healthy Ageing and Longevity ((HAL,volume 15))

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases has a strong positive correlation with aging. Impaired redox homeostasis is one of the hallmarks of aging. In the present chapter, we outline the main mechanisms in redox homeostasis and explain how increased oxidative stress might increase susceptibility to the development of cardiovascular diseases by contributing to the pathogenesis of hypertension, atherothrombosis, atherogenesis, ischemia–reperfusion injury, and diabetes and obesity. In addition, we outline the involvement of the cardiovascular cell population: cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, monocytes, and fibroblasts in redox homeostasis and explain the free radical theory of aging and damage theory and how cardiomyocytes are more susceptible to aging and oxidative stress due to their post-mitotic status and high-energy demand. Furthermore, we provide a brief overview of several anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidative substances such as statins, colchicine, canakinumab, and vitamins and briefly present the evidence from experimental studies and randomized controlled trials regarding the utility of these substances in the prevention and/or treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Coronary Artery Disease, Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Minneapolis, United States

    Bahadir Simsek

  2. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, 555 Mission Bay Boulevard South Room 314, CA, 94158, San Francisco, USA

    Junaid Afzal

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  2. Junaid Afzal
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Correspondence to Junaid Afzal .

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  1. Department of Medical Biochemistry Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ufuk Çakatay

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Simsek, B., Afzal, J. (2022). Impaired Redox Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Aging. In: Çakatay, U. (eds) Redox Signaling and Biomarkers in Ageing. Healthy Ageing and Longevity, vol 15. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84965-8_4

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