Abstract
Digital addiction is becoming a prevalent societal concern and persuasive design techniques used in digital platforms might be accountable also for the development and maintenance of such problematic behavior. This paper theoretically analyses the relationship between persuasive system design principles and digital addiction in light of theories on behavioral and substance-based addictions. The findings suggest that some of the persuasive design principles, in specific contexts, may trigger and expedite digital addiction. The purpose of this paper is to open a discussion around the potential effects of persuasive technology on digital addiction and cater to this risk in the design processes and the persuasive design itself.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Cheng, C., Li, A.Y.-L.: Internet addiction prevalence and quality of (real) life: a meta-analysis of 31 nations across seven world regions. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 17(12), 755–760 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2014.0317
Winkler, A., Dörsing, B., Rief, W., Shen, Y., Glombiewski, J.A.: Treatment of internet addiction: a meta-analysis. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 33(2), 317–329 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2012.12.005
Gioia, F., Boursier, V.: Treatment of internet addiction and internet gaming disorder in adolescence: a systematic review. In: Multifaceted approach to digital addiction and its treatment. pp. 157–176. IGI Global (2019). https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8449-0.ch008
American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub (2013)
World Health Organization: ICD-11 for mortality and morbidity statistics (2018) (2018)
Kuss, D.J., Griffiths, M.D.: Internet and gaming addiction: a systematic literature review of neuroimaging studies. Brain Sci. 2(3), 347–374 (2012). https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci2030347
Olsen, C.M.: Natural rewards, neuroplasticity, and non-drug addictions. Neuropharmacology 61(7), 1109–1122 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.03.010
Young, K.S.: Internet addiction: the emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyberpsychol. Behav. 1(3), 237–244 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.1998.1.237
Johansson, A., Götestam, K.G.: Internet addiction: characteristics of a questionnaire and prevalence in Norwegian youth (12–18 years). Scand. J. Psychol. 45(3), 223–229 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2004.00398.x
Block, J.J.: Issues for DSM-V: Internet addiction. Am. J. Psychiatry 165(3), 306–307 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07101556
Beard, K.W.: Internet addiction: A review of current assessment techniques and potential assessment questions. CyberPsychol. Behav. 8(1), 7–14 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2005.8.7
Beranuy, M., Carbonell, X., Griffiths, M.D.: A qualitative analysis of online gaming addicts in treatment. Int. J. Ment. Heal. Addict. 11(2), 149–161 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-012-9405-2
Lemmens, J.S., Valkenburg, P.M., Peter, J.: Development and validation of a game addiction scale for adolescents. Media Psychol. 12(1), 77–95 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1080/15213260802669458
Kardefelt-Winther, D.: The moderating role of psychosocial well-being on the relationship between escapism and excessive online gaming. Comput. Hum. Behav. 38, 68–74 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.020
Ali, R., Jiang, N., Phalp, K., Muir, S., McAlaney, J.: The emerging requirement for digital addiction labels. In: Fricker, S.A., Schneider, K. (eds.) REFSQ 2015. LNCS, vol. 9013, pp. 198–213. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16101-3_13
Goldhaber, M.H.: The attention economy and the net (1997). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v2i4.519
Hogan, E.A.: The attention economy: understanding the new currency of business. In. Academy of Management Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510 (2001). https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2001.5898765
Atkinson, B.M.C.: Captology: a critical review. In: IJsselsteijn, W.A., de Kort, Y.A.W., Midden, C., Eggen, B., van den Hoven, E. (eds.) PERSUASIVE 2006. LNCS, vol. 3962, pp. 171–182. Springer, Heidelberg (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/11755494_25
Alrobai, A., Phalp, K., Ali, R.: Digital addiction: a requirements engineering perspective. In: Salinesi, C., van de Weerd, I. (eds.) REFSQ 2014. LNCS, vol. 8396, pp. 112–118. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05843-6_9
Kuonanoja, L., Oinas-Kukkonen, H.: Recognizing and mitigating the negative effects of information technology use: a systematic review of persuasive characteristics in information systems. In: Müller, S.D., Nielsen, J.A. (eds.) SCIS 2018. LNBIP, vol. 326, pp. 14–25. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96367-9_2
Oinas-Kukkonen, H., Harjumaa, M.: Persuasive systems design: key issues, process model, and system features. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. 24(1), 28 (2009)
West, R.: EMCDDA insights: models of addiction. Publications Office of the European Union. Luxemburg (2013)
West, R.: Theories of addiction. Addiction 96(1), 3–13 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.96131.x
Kovac, V.B.: The more the ‘Merrier’: a multi-sourced model of addiction. Addict. Res. Theory 21(1), 19–32 (2013). https://doi.org/10.3109/16066359.2012.691581
Elster, J., Skog, O.-J.: Getting Hooked: Rationality and Addiction. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1999)
Volkow, N.D., Wang, G.-J., Fowler, J.S., Tomasi, D., Telang, F.: Addiction: beyond dopamine reward circuitry. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 108(37), 15037–15042 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010654108
Volkow, N.D., Fowler, J.S., Wang, G.J.: Role of dopamine in drug reinforcement and addiction in humans: results from imaging studies. Behav. Pharmacol. 13(5), 355–366 (2002)
Volkow, N.D., Fowler, J.S.: Addiction, a disease of compulsion and drive: involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex. Cereb. Cortex 10(3), 318–325 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/10.3.318
Munafo, M.R., Zetteler, J.I., Clark, T.G.: Personality and smoking status: a meta-analysis. Nicotine Tobacco Res. 9(3), 405–413 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1080/14622200701188851
Goodman, A.: Neurobiology of addiction: an integrative review. Biochem. Pharmacol. 75(1), 266–322 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2007.07.030
Kendler, K.S., Prescott, C.A., Myers, J., Neale, M.C.: The structure of genetic and envi-ronmental risk factors for common psychiatric and substance use disorders in men and women. Arch. Gener. Psychiatry 60(9), 929–937 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.60.9.929
Keyes, K.M., Hatzenbuehler, M.L., Hasin, D.S.: Stressful life experiences, alcohol consumption, and alcohol use disorders: the epidemiologic evidence for four main types of stressors. Psychopharmacology 218(1), 1–17 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-011-2236-1
Zullig, K.J., Valois, R.F., Huebner, E.S., Oeltmann, J.E., Drane, J.W.: Relationship between perceived life satisfaction and adolescents’ substance abuse. J. Adolesc. Health 29(4), 279–288 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(01)00269-5
Pennanen, M., et al.: Smoking, nicotine dependence and nicotine intake by socio-economic status and marital status. Addict. Behav. 39(7), 1145–1151 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.03.005
Pavlov, I.P.: The work of the digestive glands. Charles Griffin (1902)
Skinner, B.F.: Science and human behavior. Simon and Schuster (1965)
Wood, W., Rünger, D.: Psychology of habit. Ann. Rev. Psychol. 67 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-122414-033417
Bandura, A.: Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective. Ann. Rev. Psychol. 52(1), 1–26 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.1
Akers, R.L., Krohn, M.D., Lanza-Kaduce, L., Radosevich, M.: Social learning and deviant behavior: a specific test of a general theory. In: McCord, J., Laub, J.H. (eds.) Contemporary Masters in Criminology, pp. 187–214. Springer, Boston (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9829-6_12
Akers, R.L., Cochran, J.K.: Adolescent marijuana use: a test of three theories of deviant behavior. Deviant Behav. 6(4), 323–346 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1080/01639625.1985.9967683
Evans, J.S.B.T.: Dual-processing accounts of reasoning, judgment, and social cognition. Ann. Rev. Psychol. 59, 255–278 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093629
McCusker, C.G.: Cognitive biases and addiction: an evolution in theory and method. Addiction 96(1), 47–56 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.961474.x
Field, M., Mogg, K., Bradley, B.P.: Cognitive bias and drug craving in recreational cannabis users. Drug Alcohol Depend. 74(1), 105–111 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2003.12.005
Scott, J.: Rational choice theory. Understand. Contemp. Soc.: Theories Present 129, 671–685 (2000)
Becker, G.S., Murphy, K.M.: A theory of rational addiction. J. Polit. Econ. 96(4), 675–700 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1086/261558
Orphanides, A., Zervos, D.: Rational addiction with learning and regret. J. Polit. Econ. 103(4), 739–758 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1086/262001
Fotuhi, O., Fong, G.T., Zanna, M.P., Borland, R., Yong, H.-H., Cummings, K.M.: Patterns of cognitive dissonance-reducing beliefs among smokers: a longitudinal analysis from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) four country survey. Tob. Control 22(1), 52–58 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2011-050139
Everitt, B.J., Robbins, T.W.: Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion. Nat. Neurosci. 8(11), 1481–1489 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/nn1579
Baker, T.B., Piper, M.E., McCarthy, D.E., Majeskie, M.R., Fiore, M.C.: Addiction motivation reformulated: an affective processing model of negative reinforcement. Psychol. Rev. 111(1), 33 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.111.1.33
Khantzian, E.J.: The self-medication hypothesis of substance use disorders: a reconsideration and recent applications. Harv. Rev. Psychiatry 4(5), 231–244 (1997). https://doi.org/10.3109/10673229709030550
Walters, G.D.: Addiction and identity: exploring the possibility of a relationship. Psychol. Addict. Behav. 10(1), 9 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-164X.10.1.9
Carver, C.S., Scheier, M.F.: On the Self-regulation of Behavior. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2001)
Webb, T.L., Sniehotta, F.F., Michie, S.: Using theories of behaviour change to inform interventions for addictive behaviours. Addiction 105(11), 1879–1892 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03028.x
De. Ridder, D.T.D., Lensvelt-Mulders, G., Finkenauer, C., Stok, F.M., Baumeister, R.F.: Taking stock of self-control: a meta-analysis of how trait self-control relates to a wide range of behaviors. Pers. Soc. Psychol. Rev. 16(1), 76–99 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868311418749
Baumeister, R.F., Vonasch, A.J.: Uses of self-regulation to facilitate and restrain addictive behavior. Addict. Behav. 44, 3–8 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.09.011
Webb, T.L., Sheeran, P., Luszczynska, A.: Planning to break unwanted habits: habit strength moderates implementation intention effects on behaviour change. Br. J. Soc. Psychol. 48(3), 507–523 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1348/014466608X370591
Oei, T.P., Baldwin, A.R.: Expectancy theory: a two-process model of alcohol use and abuse. J. Stud. Alcohol 55(5), 525–534 (1994). https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.1994.55.525
Kobus, K.: Peers and adolescent smoking. Addiction 98, 37–55 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.98.s1.4.x
Asch, S.E.: Studies of independence and conformity: I. A minority of one against a unanimous majority. Psychol. Monogr.: Gener. Appl. 70(9), 1–70 (1956). https://doi.org/10.1037/h0093718
Cialdini, R.B., Trost, M.R.: Social influence: Social norms, conformity and compliance. In: The Handbook of Social Psychology, 4th edn., vol. 1–2 pp. 151–192. McGraw-Hill, New York (1998)
Borsari, B., Carey, K.B.: Descriptive and injunctive norms in college drinking: a meta-analytic integration. J. Stud. Alcohol 64(3), 331–341 (2003). https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2003.64.331
Dingle, G.A., Cruwys, T., Frings, D.: Social identities as pathways into and out of addiction. Front. Psychol. 6, 1795 (2015). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01795
Smedley, B.D., Syme, S.L.: Committee on capitalizing on social science and behavioral research to improve the public’s health. Promoting health: intervention strategies from social and behavioral research. Am. J. Health Promot. 15(3), 149–166 (2001)
Chaloupka, F.J.: Contextual factors and youth tobacco use: policy linkages. Addiction 98, 147–149 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.98.s1.10.x
Goldstein, R.Z., Volkow, N.D.: Drug addiction and its underlying neurobiological basis: neuroimaging evidence for the involvement of the frontal cortex. Am. J. Psychiatry 159(10), 1642–1652 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.10.1642
Baumeister, R.F., Heatherton, T.F.: Self-regulation failure: an overview. Psychol. Inq. 7(1), 1–15 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327965pli0701_1
Weinstein, A., Maraz, A., Griffiths, M.D., Lejoyeux, M., Demetrovics, Z.: Chapter 98 - compulsive buying—features and characteristics of addiction. In: Preedy, V.R. (ed.) Neuropathology of Drug Addictions and Substance Misuse, pp. 993–1007. Academic Press, San Diego (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800634-4.00098-6
Molet, M., Miller, R.R.: Timing: an attribute of associative learning. Behav. Proc. 101, 4–14 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beproc.2013.05.015
Parke, J., Griffiths, M.D.: The Role of Structural Characteristics in Gambling, pp. 211–243. Elsevier, New York (2007)
Kahneman, D.: Thinking, Fast and Slow. Macmillan (2011)
Chóliz, M.: Cognitive biases and decision making in gambling. Psychol. Rep. 107(1), 15–24 (2010). https://doi.org/10.2466/02.09.18.22.PR0.107.4.15-24
Csikszentmihalyi, M., Csikzentmihaly, M.: Flow: The psychology of optimal experience, vol. 1990. Harper & Row, New York (1990)
Webster, J., Trevino, L.K., Ryan, L.: The dimensionality and correlates of flow in human-computer interactions. Comput. Hum. Behav. 9(4), 411–426 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1016/0747-5632(93)90032-N
Khang, H., Kim, J.K., Kim, Y.: Self-traits and motivations as antecedents of digital media flow and addiction: the Internet, mobile phones, and video games. Comput. Hum. Behav. 29(6), 2416–2424 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.05.027
Gable, R.A., Hester, P.H., Rock, M.L., Hughes, K.G.: Back to basics: rules, praise, ignoring, and reprimands revisited. Interv. Sch. Clin. 44(4), 195–205 (2009)
Mei, S., Yau, Y.H.C., Chai, J., Guo, J., Potenza, M.N.: Problematic Internet use, well-being, self-esteem and self-control: data from a high-school survey in China. Addict. Behav. 61, 74–79 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1177/1053451208328831
Sioni, S.R., Burleson, M.H., Bekerian, D.A.: Internet gaming disorder: social phobia and identifying with your virtual self. Comput. Hum. Behav. 71, 11–15 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.01.044
Han, D.H., Lee, Y.S., Yang, K.C., Kim, E.Y., Lyoo, I.K., Renshaw, P.F.: Dopamine genes and reward dependence in adolescents with excessive internet video game play. J. Addict. Med. 1(3), 133–138 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0b013e31811f465f
Cash, H., Rae, C.D., Steel, A.H., Winkler, A.: Internet addiction: a brief summary of research and practice. Curr. Psychiatry Rev. 8(4), 292–298 (2012). https://doi.org/10.2174/157340012803520513
Griffiths, M.: Fruit machine gambling: the importance of structural characteristics. J. Gambl. Stud. 9(2), 101–120 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01014863
Berthon, P., Pitt, L., Campbell, C.: Addictive de-vices: a public policy analysis of sources and solutions to digital addiction. J. Public Policy Mark. 38(4), 451–468 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915619859852
Ainslie, G., Monterosso, J.: Chapter 2 - hyperbolic discounting as a factor in addiction: a critical analysis. In: Vuchinich, R.E., Heather, N. (eds.) Choice, Behavioural Economics and Addiction, pp. 35–69. Pergamon, Amsterdam (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-008044056-9/50043-9
Du, J., Kerkhof, P., van Koningsbruggen, G.M.: Predictors of social media self-control failure: immediate gratifications, habitual checking, ubiquity, and notifications. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 22(7), 477–485 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2018.0730
LaRose, R., Lin, C.A., Eastin, M.S.: Unregulated Internet usage: addiction, habit, or deficient self-regulation? Media Psychol. 5(3), 225–253 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1207/S1532785XMEP0503_01
Alavi, S.S., Ferdosi, M., Jannatifard, F., Eslami, M., Alaghemandan, H., Setare, M.: Behavioral addiction versus substance addiction: correspondence of psychiatric and psychological views. Int. J. Prev. Med. 3(4), 290 (2012)
Limayem, M., Hirt, S.G., Cheung, C.M.K.: How habit limits the predictive power of intention: the case of information systems continuance. MIS Q. 705–737 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2307/25148817
Fogg, B.J.: A behavior model for persuasive design. In: Proceedings of the 4th international Conference on Persuasive Technology (2009). https://doi.org/10.1145/1541948.1541999
Osatuyi, B., Turel, O.: Tug of war between social self-regulation and habit: explaining the experience of momentary social media addiction symptoms. Comput. Hum. Behav. 85, 95–105 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.03.037
Ames, M.G.: Managing mobile multitasking: the culture of iPhones on stanford campus. Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative work, San Antonio, Texas, USA (2013). https://doi.org/10.1145/2441776.2441945
Kalman, Y.M., Rafaeli, S.: Online pauses and silence: chronemic expectancy violations in written computer-mediated communication. Commun. Res. 38(1), 54–69 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650210378229
Alutaybi, A., Arden-Close, E., McAlaney, J., Stefanidis, A., Phalp, K., Ali, R.: How can social networks design trigger fear of missing out? In: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC), 6–9 October 2019, pp. 3758–3765 (2019) https://doi.org/10.1109/SMC.2019.8914672
Alutaybi, A., Al-Thani, D., McAlaney, J., Ali, R.: Combating fear of missing out (FoMO) on social media: the FoMO-R method. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17(17), 6128 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176128
Gomez-Uribe, C.A., Hunt, N.: The Netflix Recommender System: Algorithms, Business Value, and Innovation. J ACM Trans. Manage. Inf. Syst. 6(4), Article 13 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1145/2843948
Siles, I., Espinoza-Rojas, J., Naranjo, A., Tristán, M.F.: The mutual domestication of users and algorithmic recommendations on Netflix. Commun. Cult. Critique 12(4), 499–518 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1093/ccc/tcz025
Navazio, R.: An experimental approach to bandwagon research. Public Opin. Q. 41(2), 217–225 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1086/268376
Cialdini, R.B.: Harnessing the science of persuasion. Harv. Bus. Rev. 79(9), 72–81 (2001)
Nisbett, R.E., Wilson, T.D.: The halo effect: evidence for unconscious alteration of judgments. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 35(4), 250–256 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.35.4.250
Sulkunen, P.: Images of addiction: representations of addictions in films. Addict. Res. Theory 15(6), 543–559 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1080/16066350701651255
Fogg, B.J.: Persuasive technology: using computers to change what we think and do. Ubiquity 2002(December), 2 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1145/764008.763957
Vaghefi, I., Lapointe, L., Boudreau-Pinsonneault, C.: A typology of user liability to IT addiction. Inf. Syst. J. 27(2), 125–169 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12098
Bandura, A.: Social Learning Theory. Prentice-Hall (1977)
Gunuc, S.: Peer influence in Internet and digital game addicted adolescents: is internet/digital game addiction contagious. Int J High Risk Behav Addict 6(2), e33681 (2017). https://doi.org/10.5812/ijhrba.33681
Vogel, E.A., Rose, J.P., Okdie, B.M., Eckles, K., Franz, B.: Who compares and despairs? The effect of social comparison orientation on social media use and its outcomes. Pers. Individ. Differ. 86, 249–256 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.06.026
Yang, C.-C.: Instagram use, loneliness, and social comparison orientation: interact and browse on social media, but don’t compare. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 19(12), 703–708 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0201
Cialdini, R.B., Reno, R.R., Kallgren, C.A.: A focus theory of normative conduct: recycling the concept of norms to reduce littering in public places. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 58(6), 1015 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.58.6.1015
Wang, Y., Wu, A.M.S., Lau, J.T.F.: The health belief model and number of peers with internet addiction as inter-related factors of internet addiction among secondary school students in Hong Kong. BMC Public Health 16(1), 272 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-2947-7
Yee, N.: The psychology of massively multi-user online role-playing games: motivations, emotional investment, relationships and problematic usage. In: Schroeder, R., Axelsson, A.-S. (eds.) Avatars at Work and Play: Collaboration and Interaction in Shared Virtual Environments, vol. 34, pp. 187–207. Springer, Dordrecht (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3898-4_9
Klemm, C., Pieters, W.: Game mechanics and technological mediation: an ethical perspective on the effects of MMORPG’s. Ethics Inf. Technol. 19(2), 81–93 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-017-9416-6
Festinger, L.: A theory of social comparison processes. Hum. Relat. 7(2), 117–140 (1954). https://doi.org/10.1177/001872675400700202
Fong, M., Zhao, K., Smillie, L.D.: Personality and competitiveness: extraversion, agreeableness, and their aspects, predict self-reported competitiveness and competitive bidding in experimental auctions. Pers. Individ. Differ. 169, 109907 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.109907
Luchner, A.F., Houston, J.M., Walker, C., Alex Houston, M.: Exploring the relationship between two forms of narcissism and competitiveness. Pers. Individ. Differ. 51(6), 779–782 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.06.033
Hussain, Z., Griffiths, M.D.: The attitudes, feelings, and experiences of online gamers: a qualitative analysis. CyberPsychol. Behav. 12(6), 747–753 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0059
Gonzales, A.L., Hancock, J.T.: Mirror, mirror on my Facebook wall: effects of exposure to Facebook on self-esteem. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 14(1–2), 79–83 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2009.0411
Martin, I.M., et al.: On the road to addiction: the facilitative and preventive roles of marketing cues. J. Bus. Res. 66(8), 1219–1226 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2012.08.015
Acknowledgments
This work has been partly supported by Kindred Group – Division of Responsible Gaming and Research, through a match-funded PhD project titled “Responsibility by Design: the Case of Online Gambling”.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cemiloglu, D., Naiseh, M., Catania, M., Oinas-Kukkonen, H., Ali, R. (2021). The Fine Line Between Persuasion and Digital Addiction. In: Ali, R., Lugrin, B., Charles, F. (eds) Persuasive Technology. PERSUASIVE 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12684. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79460-6_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79460-6_23
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-79459-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-79460-6
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)