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Etiology and Triggers in the Development of Fibromyalgia

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Fibromyalgia Syndrome

Abstract

FM is a chronic pain disorder which manifests with chronic widespread pain, accompanied by fatigue and mood and sleep disorders. The current concept views FM as the consequence of central nervous system malfunction resulting in amplification of pain transmission and interpretation. Our understanding of fibromyalgia has made significant advances over the past decade, still despite extensive research this disease’s clear etiology and pathophysiology is yet to be discovered. Current knowledge indicates several triggers and possible etiologies to the development of FM. Past research has demonstrated a role for polymorphisms of genes with clear familial aggregation and genetic underpinning in the etiopathogenesis of FM. Furthermore, the role of stressful events has been well established in the literature, depicting either mechanical stress as injury or psychological stress including early life trauma as trigger and predisposition for future development of FM. Not only recent studies exhibited development of FM in the workplace in correlation with stress, low work performance, and even posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Moreover, it is known that other various external stimuli such as infections or vaccinations may contribute to the development of the FM syndrome.

In conclusion, FM is a multifactorial syndrome of chronic widespread pain with an obscure pathogenesis and an eluding trajectory. There are significant prominent triggers which play a major role in the development of FM across all fields with mechanical and psychological stress the most notable and influential.

Understanding the etiology and triggers for the development of FM is of great significance for early diagnosis, improving quality of life, and tailoring treatment strategy with an integrated approach combining pharmacological and nonpharmacological modalities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Internal Medicine H, Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel

    Dana Amsterdam

  2. Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel

    Dan Buskila

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  1. Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center & Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Jacob N. Ablin

  2. Ariel University, Ariel, Israel

    Yehuda Shoenfeld

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Amsterdam, D., Buskila, D. (2021). Etiology and Triggers in the Development of Fibromyalgia. In: Ablin, J.N., Shoenfeld, Y. (eds) Fibromyalgia Syndrome . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78638-0_3

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