Abstract
Water is essential for life but its availability at a sustainable quality and quantity is threatened by many factors, in which climate plays a leading role. Northwest Bangladesh is a severely drought prone area in the country. For forecasting the impact of climate change on groundwater table (GwT) in the drought-prone areas two data sets: (i) weekly groundwater table time series from Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB), and (ii) yearly temperature and rainfall (mm) from Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) from January 1991 to December 2018 were collected. The findings showed the superiority of the nonlinear autoregressive modeling with exogenous inputs (NARX) based approach for groundwater tables in arid groundwater aquifer system revealed that the coefficient of determination (R2) lies between 0.547 and 0.854 in the validation period. However, compare to other models applied on the same data sets, the proposed model reduced 50% of the mean absolute error (MAE). Increasing trend in maximum temperature is a cause of high evaporation as well as uncertainty of trans-boundary water movement was found to be strongly influencing the depletion of groundwater level. The results show that Bayesian Regularization (BR) is the most accurate method for forecasting groundwater table with an error of ±0.43 m.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge and sincere appreciation to Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) for given essential data to complete this study. We would also like to express our sincere acknowledgments to the Ministry of Education for monetary support to complete this research project (Project No. PS142260). Finally, we are grateful to the reviewers for their valuable observations to improve this manuscript.
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Abdul Khalek, M., Mostafizur Rahman, M., Kamruzzaman, M., Ahmed Shimon, Z., Sayedur Rahman, M., Ayub Ali, M. (2021). Modeling and Forecasting Climate Change Impact on Groundwater Fluctuations in Northwest Bangladesh. In: Alam, G.M.M., Erdiaw-Kwasie, M.O., Nagy, G.J., Leal Filho, W. (eds) Climate Vulnerability and Resilience in the Global South. Climate Change Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77259-8_4
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