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Use of Maintenance and Resuscitation Fluids

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Cardiopulmonary Monitoring

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Abstract

Administration of intravenous fluids is one of the commonest medical acts in hospitalized patients, but there often is not much thought given to what fluids can and cannot do. Use of fluids should be divided into fluids given to restore daily losses, which we call maintenance needs, versus fluids used for resuscitation of lost fluids or a treatment effect. Use of fluids for daily maintenance requires knowledge of the daily needs of water, Na+, K+, and glucose. Use of fluids for resuscitation needs to consider restoration of the body’s natural reserves, which are the unstressed vascular volume and the interstitial volume, as well as the use of fluids to expand stressed vascular with the purpose of increasing cardiac output. Discussion also is given to the effects of different kinds of fluids and the limits of the therapeutic use of fluids.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    A mole indicates the amount of a substance but what is important in chemical reactions is how much the substance reacts, which is called equivalents. The values are close but equivalents are actually measured and the values reported in tests. mEq is 1000th of an equivalent.

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  1. Royal Victoria Hospital (McGill University Health Centre), Departments of Critical Care and Physiology McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Sheldon Magder

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  1. Sheldon Magder
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Royal Victoria Hospital (McGill University Health Centre), Departments of Critical Care and Physiology McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

    Sheldon Magder

  2. UC San Diego, Department of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Atul Malhotra

  3. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Kathryn A. Hibbert

  4. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Charles Corey Hardin

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Magder, S. (2021). Use of Maintenance and Resuscitation Fluids. In: Magder, S., Malhotra, A., Hibbert, K.A., Hardin, C.C. (eds) Cardiopulmonary Monitoring. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73387-2_42

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