Abstract
This book chapter focuses on the properties of nanocomposite hydrogels based upon natural polymers and their biomedical applications. Hydrogels and nanoparticles are notable categories of materials that are gaining substantial consideration in current years due to their ideal characteristics useful in chemical and biological sciences. The hydrogels made up of natural polymers are extensively used in the field of biomedical because of their biocompatibility. Natural polymers (chitosan, cellulose, gelatin, alginate, starch, and various gums) are compatible with human tissues and therefore gain greater interest than synthetic polymers. In comparison to the traditional biomedical devices, hydrogels offer several advantages such as sustainability and sensitivity without any side effects. The porous hydrated structure of hydrogel mimics the native tissue microenvironment and could be easily transformed to nanocomposites by inclusion of nanoparticles into 3-D network of hydrogels. These nanocomposite hydrogels possess superior properties like good mechanical strength, selectivity, and stimuli-sensitive nature. Nanoparticles of different sizes and shapes based on carbon, ceramic, metal, and various polymeric materials can be incorporated into the hydrogel network for superior chemical, physical, and biological properties. The combination of nanoparticles and hydrogel is an innovative way of achieving multicomponent hybrid systems and offers synergistic effects of both hydrogel and nanoparticles in the hybrid network. The nanocomposite hydrogels having high surface area, good binding ability with target, and high blood stability are useful in biomedical fields including tissue engineering, antibacterial, drug delivery, and wound healing applications.
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Abbreviations
- A549 :
-
Adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells
- AMF:
-
Alternating magnetic field
- BG:
-
Bioactive glass
- CDs:
-
Carbon dots
- CMC:
-
Carboxymethyl cellulose
- CQDs:
-
Carbon quantum dots
- CuO :
-
Copper oxide
- DNA:
-
Deoxyribonucleic acid
- DOPA:
-
Dopamine
- DOX:
-
Doxorubicin
- FDA:
-
Food and Drug Administration
- Fe2O3:
-
Ferric oxide
- Fe3O4:
-
Ferrous oxide
- GO:
-
Graphene oxide
- L929:
-
Connective mouse tissue
- LSPR:
-
Localized surface plasma resonance
- MG-63:
-
Hypotriploid human cell line
- MgO:
-
Magnesium oxide
- MRI:
-
Magnetic resonance imaging
- MWCNTs:
-
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes
- nHA:
-
Nanohydroxyapatite
- PVA:
-
Polyvinyl alcohol
- PVP:
-
Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)
- TiO2:
-
Titanium dioxide
- UV:
-
Ultraviolet
- ZnO:
-
Zinc oxide
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Sethi, S., Medha, Thakur, S., Singh, A., Kaith, B.S. (2022). Natural Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications. In: Shanker, U., Hussain, C.M., Rani, M. (eds) Handbook of Green and Sustainable Nanotechnology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69023-6_107-1
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