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Melatonin: Role in Abiotic Stress Resistance and Tolerance

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Plant Growth Regulators

Abstract

Melatonin (Mel) is a small molecular weight indoleamine hormone involved in plant growth and development and is considered as a candidate phytohormone that affects responses in various biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant’s exposure to abiotic stresses causes increase in endogenous Mel levels, consequent upregulation of Mel biosynthesis genes and a further rise in Mel content. Mel enhances plant resistance to abiotic stress in two ways, i.e. either by direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) molecules or by indirect pathway via enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity, photosynthetic efficiency and metabolite content and by regulating stress transcription factors. Interestingly, other precursors and metabolite molecules associated with Mel can also increase the plant’s tolerance to abiotic stress. Furthermore, Mel also increases polyamine contents by accelerating the metabolic flow from the precursor amino acids arginine and methionine to polyamines. However, its function in abiotic stress resistance and the underlying mechanisms is still less clear. This chapter will explore the mechanisms by which Mel alleviates various abiotic stresses by its actions on antioxidants, photosynthesis, ion regulation, phytohormone and stress signalling. This chapter mainly focuses on the regulatory mechanisms of Mel and how genetic modifications can enhance levels of endogenous Mel, which will improve plant tolerance against various abiotic stresses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Education Department, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, Srinagar, Kashmir, India

    Amrina Shafi

  2. Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Amrina Shafi

  3. ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, India

    Anil Kumar Singh

  4. Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA

    Insha Zahoor

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  1. Amrina Shafi
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  2. Anil Kumar Singh
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  3. Insha Zahoor
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Tariq Aftab

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Khalid Rehman Hakeem

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Shafi, A., Singh, A.K., Zahoor, I. (2021). Melatonin: Role in Abiotic Stress Resistance and Tolerance. In: Aftab, T., Hakeem, K.R. (eds) Plant Growth Regulators. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61153-8_12

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