Abstract
Tomato is an important crop for exportation and internal consumption in Guatemala. Growers almost abandoned the production of this crop due to the presence of Begomovirus infections in the field and to the high populations of Bemisia tabaci. The crop was rescued by applying new technology and concepts of integrated pest management. This article describes the techniques used to determine and establish a host crop–free period to greatly reduce whitefly presence and thus virus transmission. We identified species of whiteflies in order to find possible vectors of Begomovirus, determined the monthly percentage of infected female Bemisia tabaci and that of Trialeurodes vaporariorum occasionally. T. vaporariorum was studied because it is more abundant than B. tabaci principally at high altitudes. We also obtained knowledge of the insect’s life cycle with respect to climate variables, the virus effect on crop, the effect of weeds on virus availability for transmission, we established a calendar with planting dates and effective communication with growers and grower organizations concerning host-free periods as well as promotion of concepts of whitefly management. This chapter includes information of different aspects of our large program on Begomovirus and whiteflies.
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge to the institutions that helped finance this study: IPMCRSP through the International Plant Virus Disease Network managed by Sue Tolin and IPM in Latin America and the Caribbean managed by Jeff Alwang, CATIE, CONCYT through its FODECYT line, to Aproecuaria Popoyán principally to Francisco Viteri, to FASAGUA principally to Eddie Martínez and to the growers that participated in the study. Also, we thank the persons that did the field and laboratory work from plant protection laboratories from Universidad del Valle de Guatemala principally Elena Dardón and Andrés Ávalos, and the students who contributed with their graduation projects: Mónica Morales, Estuardo Solares and Arnoldo Font, and also to the technicians. Finally, and nonetheless, to Dr. Robert Gilbertson from University of California, Davis and to Dr. Judith Brown from the University of Arizona who were our guides and counsellors in all the work done.
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Palmieri, M., Herrera, M.P., Dubón, A.L. (2020). Integrated Pest Management of Whitefly Crop: Free Periods Can Reduce Begomovirus Transmission in Tomato. In: Chong, P., Newman, D., Steinmacher, D. (eds) Agricultural, Forestry and Bioindustry Biotechnology and Biodiscovery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51358-0_21
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51358-0_21
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