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Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

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Abstract

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Most result from activating mutations in the KIT (CD117) proto-oncogene or in the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha gene (PDGFRA). They can arise in any location throughout the gastrointestinal tract but are most common in the stomach (54%) and small intestine (32%). Surgical resection is the cornerstone of management for localized, non-metastatic GISTs and remains the only curative treatment. The risk of tumor recurrence after surgery depends upon tumor size, site, mitotic count, and occurrence of intraoperative tumor rupture. The development and ongoing refinement of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy has led to improvements in the long-term oncologic outcome not only of patients who present with metastatic disease but also of those who present with localized primary tumor.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. General Surgical Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Dario Callegaro

  2. Department of Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Richard Kirsch

  3. Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Albiruni R. Abdul Razak

  4. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Fayez A. Quereshy & Carol J. Swallow

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  1. Dario Callegaro
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  3. Albiruni R. Abdul Razak
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  5. Carol J. Swallow
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  1. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Frances C. Wright

  2. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Jaime M. Escallon

  3. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Moises Cukier

  4. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Melanie E. Tsang

  5. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Usmaan Hameed

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Callegaro, D., Kirsch, R., Abdul Razak, A.R., Quereshy, F.A., Swallow, C.J. (2020). Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. In: Wright, F., Escallon, J., Cukier, M., Tsang, M., Hameed, U. (eds) Surgical Oncology Manual. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48363-0_12

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