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Capacitor to Supercapacitor

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Handbook of Nanocomposite Supercapacitor Materials I

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Materials Science ((SSMATERIALS,volume 300))

Abstract

Supercapacitors bridge the gap between conventional electrolytic capacitors and batteries. These are capacitors with electrochemical charge storage . The basic equations used to describe the capacitors are same in the case of supercapacitors but their mechanism of energy storage is different. Various electrode-active materials such as activated carbon, mesoporous carbon, carbon nanotubes , graphene, etc., are invariably used in the supercapacitors with high performance. Both aqueous and organic electrolytes are used in supercapacitors but high voltage can only be delivered by the supercapacitors manufactured with organic electrolytes. However, the cycle life of aqueous electrolyte-based supercapacitors is high when compared with the organic ones. The present and future flexible and wearable technologies necessitate the development of flexible solid-state capacitors to supply them power. Supercapacitors are found applications in a variety of fields such as electronics industry, hybrid electric vehicles , and power supplies . The two major demerits of the present supercapacitors are low energy density and high cost. Hence, novel low-cost supercapacitors should be developed with high energy density to fulfill the needs of society. The present chapter discusses the Faradaic and non-Faradaic processes, types of supercapacitors, structure—i.e., electrode, electrolyte, electrolyte membrane, and current collector —key parameters for estimation of performance, electrochemical characterizations, etc.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by Department of Science and Technology, India (DST/TMD/MES/2K16/37(G)) for carrying out this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Advanced Nanoengineering Materials Laboratory, Materials Science Programme, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India

    Soma Banerjee, Prerna Sinha, Kapil Dev Verma, Tanvi Pal, Jayesh Cherusseri & Kamal K. Kar

  2. Advanced Nanoengineering Materials Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India

    Bibekananda De & Kamal K. Kar

  3. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, 226031, India

    Tanvi Pal

  4. Indus Institute of Technology and Management, Kanpur, 209202, India

    P. K. Manna

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  1. Soma Banerjee
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    Kamal K. Kar

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Banerjee, S. et al. (2020). Capacitor to Supercapacitor. In: Kar, K. (eds) Handbook of Nanocomposite Supercapacitor Materials I. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 300. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43009-2_2

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