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Mangroves Under Extreme Environmental Conditions

Isabela Island (Galápagos Islands, NE Pacific) and Abu Dhabi-Dubai (UAE, Arabian Gulf)

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Handbook of Halophytes

Abstract

The coastline of Isabela Island is dominated by reefs and rocks of volcanic origin. Four mangrove communities are linked to sandy bays (Rhizophoretum manglis); mixed formations on sandy soils and volcanic rock fragments (Lagunculario racemosae-Rhizophoretum manglis); post-coastal formations around lagoons, bays, and estuaries (Laguncularietum racemosae); and uplands marginal mangroves in an ecotone with dry forest (Conocarpetum erectae). The presence of Laguncularia racemosa occurs in substrates where salinities range from 6.9 g/l to 12.3 g/l, whereas the less common Avicennia germinans tolerate salinities as high as 12.5 g/l. At Abu Dhabi, in the southeastern Persian Gulf, wide coastal plains and arid bioclimate are the factors that determine the monospecific mangroves stands of Avicennia marina associated with nearby halophyte or subdesert xerophilic formations. The unique association, Avicenietum marinae, shows two variants: Sesuvium portulacastrum occurs with A. marina on dune formations, and Sarcocornia fruticosa and Halocnemum strobilaceum are associated with A. marina on inland with saline soils or desert plains. Soil characteristics as organic matter, Na+, K+, Mg++, and Cl− concentrations, constitute differential factors between the communities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Herminio Boira Tortajada

  2. Facultad de Ingenieria Agronómica, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador

    Luz Cecilia García Cruzatty

  3. Dep. Biology, Chemistry and Environmental Science, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

    Paloma Leandro Balandron

Authors
  1. Herminio Boira Tortajada
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  2. Luz Cecilia García Cruzatty
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  3. Paloma Leandro Balandron
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Correspondence to Herminio Boira Tortajada .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iasi, Romania

    Marius-Nicusor Grigore

Section Editor information

  1. Department of Biology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, TX, USA

    R. I. Lonard

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Boira Tortajada, H., García Cruzatty, L.C., Leandro Balandron, P. (2020). Mangroves Under Extreme Environmental Conditions. In: Grigore, MN. (eds) Handbook of Halophytes. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_69-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_69-1

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