Abstract
Oncology practitioners currently have very effective antiemetic agents in the form of 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonists, neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists, dexamethasone, and olanzapine for use in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy. The choice of individual agents and the combination of agents should be dictated by the emetogenicity of the chemotherapy and patient risk factors. The available agents for the prevention of CINV appear to be safe and effective with few reported adverse events when used in the recommended doses.
The use of these agents in various clinical settings is described by established antiemetic guidelines from the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and the European Society of Medical Oncology, the American Society of Clinical Oncology, and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. These guidelines should be followed by practitioners in order to provide the highest possible quality of care for patients receiving chemotherapy.
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Abbreviations
- ASCO:
-
American Society of Clinical Oncology
- CINV:
-
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
- CTZ:
-
Chemoreceptor trigger zone
- FDA:
-
Food & Drug Administration
- GI:
-
Gastrointestinal
- 5-HT3:
-
5-hydroxytryptamine-3
- HEC:
-
Highly emetogenic chemotherapy
- MEC:
-
Moderately emetogenic chemotherapy
- MASCC:
-
Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer
- NCCN:
-
National Comprehensive Cancer Network
- NTS:
-
Nucleus Tractus solitarius
- NK-1:
-
Neurokinin-1
- VAS:
-
Visual analogue scale
- VC:
-
Vomiting Centre
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Navari, R.M. (2019). Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting. In: De Mello, R., Mountzios, G., Tavares, Á. (eds) International Manual of Oncology Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16245-0_46
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