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An Update to Calcium Binding Proteins

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Calcium Signaling

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1131))

Abstract

Ca2+ binding proteins (CBP) are of key importance for calcium to play its role as a pivotal second messenger. CBP bind Ca2+ in specific domains, contributing to the regulation of its concentration at the cytosol and intracellular stores. They also participate in numerous cellular functions by acting as Ca2+ transporters across cell membranes or as Ca2+-modulated sensors, i.e. decoding Ca2+ signals. Since CBP are integral to normal physiological processes, possible roles for them in a variety of diseases has attracted growing interest in recent years. In addition, research on CBP has been reinforced with advances in the structural characterization of new CBP family members. In this chapter we have updated a previous review on CBP, covering in more depth potential participation in physiopathological processes and candidacy for pharmacological targets in many diseases. We review intracellular CBP that contain the structural EF-hand domain: parvalbumin, calmodulin, S100 proteins, calcineurin and neuronal Ca2+ sensor proteins (NCS). We also address intracellular CBP lacking the EF-hand domain: annexins, CBP within intracellular Ca2+ stores (paying special attention to calreticulin and calsequestrin), proteins that contain a C2 domain (such as protein kinase C (PKC) or synaptotagmin) and other proteins of interest, such as regucalcin or proprotein convertase subtisilin kexins (PCSK). Finally, we summarise the latest findings on extracellular CBP, classified according to their Ca2+ binding structures: (i) EF-hand domains; (ii) EGF-like domains; (iii) ɣ-carboxyl glutamic acid (GLA)-rich domains; (iv) cadherin domains; (v) Ca2+-dependent (C)-type lectin-like domains; (vi) Ca2+-binding pockets of family C G-protein-coupled receptors.

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Author Contribution

JE was responsible for the writing of Sect. 8.2; he also participated in the drafting of the Introduction and Concluding Remarks sections. MY was responsible for the writing of Sect. 8.2. TMCP and JGL were responsible for the writing of Sect. 8.4. DAM contributed throughout, provided focus and flow to the various sections of the review, and oversaw/edited written English. MCT was responsible for the writing of Sect. 8.3; he also participated in the writing of the Introduction and Concluding Remarks sections and in the coordination of all authors.

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Author notes

  1. Authors Jacobo Elíes and Matilde Yáñez have contributed equally for this chapter

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK

    Jacobo Elíes & José Gil-Longo

  2. Pharmacology of Chronic Diseases (CD Pharma), Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Matilde Yáñez & Manuel Campos-Toimil

  3. Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil

    Thiago M. C. Pereira

  4. Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil

    Thiago M. C. Pereira

  5. Research and Enterprise, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK

    David A. MacDougall

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  4. José Gil-Longo
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  5. David A. MacDougall
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  6. Manuel Campos-Toimil
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Manuel Campos-Toimil .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Md. Shahidul Islam

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Elíes, J., Yáñez, M., Pereira, T.M.C., Gil-Longo, J., MacDougall, D.A., Campos-Toimil, M. (2020). An Update to Calcium Binding Proteins. In: Islam, M. (eds) Calcium Signaling. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1131. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12457-1_8

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