Abstract
Plasmalogen synthesis can be analyzed by metabolic labeling, followed by the separation of ethanolamine plasmalogens from glycerophospholipids on one-dimensional thin-layer chromatography. The vinyl-ether bond of plasmalogens is acid-labile, which allows separating plasmalogens as 2-acyl-glycerophospholipids from diacyl-glycerophospholipids.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Nagan N, Zoeller RA (2001) Plasmalogens: biosynthesis and functions. Prog Lipid Res 40:199–229
Braverman NE, Moser AB (2012) Functions of plasmalogen lipids in health and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta 1822:1442–1452
Webber KO, Hajra AK (1993) Purification of dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase from guinea pig liver peroxisomes. Arch Biochem Biophys 300:88–97
Nagan N, Hajra AK, Das AK, Moser HW, Moser A, Lazarow P, Purdue PE, Zoeller RA (1997) A fibroblast cell line defective in alkyl-dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase: a novel defect in plasmalogen biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94:4475–4480
Honsho M, Yagita Y, Kinoshita N, Fujiki Y (2008) Isolation and characterization of mutant animal cell line defective in alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase: localization and transport of plasmalogens to post-Golgi compartments. Biochim Biophys Acta 1783:1857–1865
Itzkovitz B, Jiralerspong S, Nimmo G, Loscalzo M, Horovitz DDG, Snowden A, Moser A, Steinberg S, Braverman N (2012) Functional characterization of novel mutations in GNPAT and AGPS, causing rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) types 2 and 3. Hum Mutat 33:189–197
Cheng JB, Russell DW (2004) Mammalian wax biosynthesis. I. Identification of two fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductases with different substrate specificities and tissue distributions. J Biol Chem 279:37789–37797
Honsho M, Asaoku S, Fujiki Y (2010) Posttranslational regulation of fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1, Far1, controls ether glycerophospholipid synthesis. J Biol Chem 285:8537–8542
Buchert R, Tawamie H, Smith C, Uebe S, Innes AM, Al Hallak B, Ekici AB, Sticht H, Schwarze B, Lamont RE, Parboosingh JS, Bernier FP, Abou Jamra R (2014) A peroxisomal disorder of severe intellectual disability, epilepsy, and cataracts due to fatty Acyl-CoA reductase 1 deficiency. Am J Hum Genet 95:602–610
James PF, Lake AC, Hajra AK, Larkins LK, Robinson M, Buchanan FG, Zoeller RA (1997) An animal cell mutant with a deficiency in acyl/alkyl-dihydroxyacetone-phosphate reductase activity. Effects on the biosynthesis of ether-linked and diacyl glycerolipids. J Biol Chem 272:23540–23546
Lodhi IJ, Yin L, Jensen-Urstad APL, Funai K, Coleman T, Baird JH, El Ramahi MK, Razani B, Song H, Fu-Hsu F, Turk J, Semenkovich CF (2012) Inhibiting adipose tissue lipogenesis reprograms thermogenesis and PPARγ activation to decrease diet-induced obesity. Cell Metab 16:189–201
Lee T-C (1998) Biosynthesis and possible biological functions of plasmalogens. Biochim Biophys Acta 1394:129–145
Arthur G, Page L (1991) Synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine and ethanolamine plasmalogen by the CDP-ethanolamine and decarboxylase pathways in rat heart, kidney and liver. Biochem J 273:121–125
Murphy EJ, Stephens R, Jurkowitz-Alexander M, Horrocks LA (1993) Acidic hydrolysis of plasmalogens followed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Lipids 28:565–568
Zoeller RA, Raetz CR (1992) Strategies for isolating somatic cell mutants defective in lipid biosynthesis. Methods Enzymol 209:34–51
Hayashi H, Oohashi M (1995) Incorporation of acetyl-CoA generated from peroxisomal β-oxidation into ethanolamine plasmalogen of rat liver. Biochim Biophys Acta 1254:319–325
Bligh EG, Dyer WJ (1959) A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:911–917
Acknowledgments
We thank K. Shimizu for Figure illustrations. This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (24247038, 25112518, 25116717, 26116007, and 15K14511 to Y.F.; 26440102 to M.H.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, and grants from the Takeda Science Foundation, the Naito Foundation, and the Japan Foundation for Applied Enzymology.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Honsho, M., Fujiki, Y. (2017). Analysis of Plasmalogen Synthesis in Cultured Cells. In: Schrader, M. (eds) Peroxisomes. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1595. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6937-1_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6937-1_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-6935-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-6937-1
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols