Abstract
RNA modifications can influence gene expression via multiple aspects such as RNA stability and alternative splicing. The most prominent RNA modification is m6A (N6-methyladenosine). Its profiling from low starting amounts of <100 cells is challenging. We describe here a complete workflow from cell isolation to data analysis that is based on using an RNA CUT&RUN-supported m6A-RIP (RNA immunoprecipitation) procedure and a subsequent adaptor-tagging library synthesis. Male meiocytes isolated from maize anthers were used as a test system to establish the protocol.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Lee M, Kim B, Kim VN (2014) Emerging roles of RNA modification: m6A and U-tail. Cell 158:980–987
Skene P, Henikoff S, Reinberg D (2017) An efficient targeted nuclease strategy for high-resolution map** of DNA binding sites. eLife 6:e21856
Weichmann F, Hett R, Schepers A et al (2020) Validation strategies for antibodies targeting modified ribonucleotides. RNA 26(10):1489–1506
Dukowic-Schulze S, Garcia N, Shunmugam ASK et al (2020) Isolating male meiocytes from maize and wheat for “-omics” analyses. In: Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer, New York, pp 237–258
Afgan E, Baker D, Batut B et al (2018) The Galaxy platform for accessible, reproducible and collaborative biomedical analyses: 2018 update. Nucleic Acids Res 46:W537–W544
Andrews S (2010) FastQC - A quality control tool for high throughput sequence data. https://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/
Krueger F, James F, Ewels P, et al (2021). FelixKrueger/TrimGalore: v0.6.7 - DOI via Zenodo (0.6.7). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5127899
Ewels P, Magnusson M, Lundin S et al (2016) MultiQC: summarize analysis results for multiple tools and samples in a single report. Bioinformatics 32:3047–3048
Bolger AM, Lohse M, Usadel B (2014) Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data. Bioinformatics 30:2114–2120
Hufford MB, Seetharam AS, Woodhouse MR, et al (2021) De novo assembly, annotation, and comparative analysis of 26 diverse maize genomes. bioRxiv 2021.01.14.426684
Langmead B, Salzberg SL (2012) Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2. Nat Methods 9:357–359
Ramírez F, Ryan DP, Grüning B et al (2016) deepTools2: a next generation web server for deep-sequencing data analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 44:W160–W165
Robinson JT, Thorvaldsdóttir H, Winckler W et al (2011) Integrative Genomics Viewer. Nat Biotechnol 29:24–26
Dobin A, Davis CA, Schlesinger F et al (2013) STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner. Bioinformatics 29:15–21
Chen T, Hao Y-J, Zhang Y et al (2015) m6A RNA methylation is regulated by microRNAs and promotes reprogramming to pluripotency. Cell Stem Cell 16:289–301
Linder B, Grozhik AV, Olarerin-George AO et al (2015) Single-nucleotide resolution map** of m6A and m6Am throughout the transcriptome. Nat Methods 12:767–772
Quinlan AR, Hall IM (2010) BEDTools: a flexible suite of utilities for comparing genomic features. Bioinformatics 26:841–842
Bailey TL (2011) DREME: motif discovery in transcription factor ChIP-seq data. Bioinformatics 27:1653–1659
Liu Y, Zhou J, White KP (2014) RNA-seq differential expression studies: more sequence or more replication? Bioinformatics 30:301–304
Baccarella A, Williams CR, Parrish JZ et al (2018) Empirical assessment of the impact of sample number and read depth on RNA-Seq analysis workflow performance. BMC Bioinformatics 19:423
Miura F, Enomoto Y, Dairiki R et al (2012) Amplification-free whole-genome bisulfite sequencing by post-bisulfite adaptor tagging. Nucleic Acids Res 40:e136
Foley JW, Zhu C, Jolivet P et al (2019) Gene expression profiling of single cells from archival tissue with laser-capture microdissection and Smart-3SEQ. Genome Res 29:1816–1825
Begcy K, Dresselhaus T (2017) Tracking maize pollen development by the Leaf Collar Method. Plant Reprod 30:171–178
Liu H, Bekig O, Lucas MC et al (2019) Accurate detection of m6A RNA modifications in native RNA sequences. Nat Commun 10:4079
Bailey TL, Boden M, Buske FA et al (2009) MEME SUITE: tools for motif discovery and searching. Nucleic Acids Res 37:W202–W208
Acknowledgment
We thank the Meister lab for access to their MiSeq machine and excellent support by N. Eichner. This work was supported by the German Research Foundation DFG via Collaborative Research Center SFB960 to T.D. and a FAS grant (Financial Support for Equality) of the University of Regensburg to S.D..
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Shabani, D., Dresselhaus, T., Dukowic-Schulze, S. (2022). Profiling m6A RNA Modifications in Low Amounts of Plant Cells Using Maize Meiocytes. In: Lambing, C. (eds) Plant Gametogenesis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2484. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2253-7_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2253-7_21
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-2252-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-2253-7
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols