Quantum Physics of Light and Matter - Bose-Einstein Condensates and Superfluids

  • Luca Salasnich

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This video deals with the quantum physics of bosonic systems which are superfluid at zero temperature. The video is divided into 6 segments.

The first segment introduces the discovery of superfluidity in 1937; the second one discusses the derivation of the time-dependent Hartree equation for bosons, while the third segment derives the Gross-Pitaevskii equation for a pure Bose-Einstein condensate and explains the main properties of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The fourth segment shows the connection between the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and the equations of the superfluid hydrodynamics; the fifth segment derives the Bogoliubov spectrum and the phonon spectrum for a superfluid system, and the last sixth segment introduces the Landau criterion to estabish if a quantum system is superfluid.

The ideal viewer is a MSc or PhD student of Physics or Chemistry or Engineering, who will learn about the discovery of supercondictivity, the derivation of the time-depedendent Gross-Pitaevskii equation, its connection to the equations of sperfluid hydrodynamics, and the main properties of superfluids.

Introduction

Ideal to learn on the discovery of supercondictivity, the derivation of the time-depedendent Gross-Pitaevskii equation, the properties of superfluids.

About The Author

Luca Salasnich

Luca Salasnich is an Associate Professor of Theoretical Physics of Matter at University of Padova, Italy. He was previously a research scientist with the Italian National Research Council (CNR). Dr. Salasnich was awarded an MSc in Physics by the University of Padova in 1991, and his PhD in Theoretical Physics by the University of Florence in 1995. His fields of research are condensed matter theory and statistical physics, in particular nonlinear phenomena and macroscopic quantum effects (like superfluidity and superconductivity) in ultra-cold atomic gases and other many-body systems. At the University of Padova, Dr. Salasnich is a member of the Scientific Committee of Area 2 (Physical Sciences) and President of the Teaching Council for the BSc in Optics and Optometrics. He has written more than 130 scientific papers for international journals, with over 2500 citations.

 

About this video

Author(s)
Luca Salasnich
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63298-4
Online ISBN
978-3-030-63298-4
Total duration
54 min
Publisher
Springer, Cham
Copyright information
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020

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Video Transcript

[MUSIC PLAYING]

Hi. In this video, we shall discuss Bose-Einstein condensates and superfluids. This is the introduction. First, I will analyze the discovery of superfluidity. Then I will consider the time-dependent Hartree equation for bosons, which is relevant both for Bose-Einstein condensates and superfluids. From the time-dependent Hartree equation I will derive the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskil equation, which is a very useful tool for the analysis of weakly interacting bosonic systems.

Then from this equation, I will deduce the hydrodynamic equations of superfluids, discussing the comparison between normal fluids and superfluids, viscous fluid and inviscid fluids. Then I will analyze some consequences of the superfluid hydrodynamic equation, in particular the Bogoliubov spectrum of elementary excitations and the sound modes. And finally, I will analyze the Landau criterion for the superfluidity.