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Serum osmolality and hyperosmolar states
Serum osmolality is the sum of the osmolalities of every single dissolved particle in the blood such as sodium and associated anions, potassium,...
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The U-shaped association between serum osmolality and 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study
BackgroundSepsis is a recognized global health challenge that places a considerable disease burden on countries. Although there has been some...
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Osmolality of Culture Media
Gametes and embryos are highly sensitive to changes in culture media osmolality. Any fluctuation in culture media osmolality may adversely stress the...
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Interpretation of Urine Electrolytes and Osmolality
This chapter describes the urinary excretion of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and chloride, urine osmolality, and their importance in...
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The Osmolality and Hemolysis of High-Concentration Monoclonal Antibody Formulations
PurposesHighly concentrated monoclonal antibody (mAb) formulations for subcutaneous administration are becoming increasingly preferred within the...
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Serum electrolytes, osmolality, and cleansing quality after bowel prep for colonoscopy with a PEG solution containing ascorbic acid and electrolytes
BackgroundThe cleansing procedure with PEG 3350 + ascorbic acid (PEG + Asc; Moviprep®) requires the additional ingestion of clear liquids. We aimed...
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Effect of salinity on growth, survival, and serum osmolality of red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus
Three trials were conducted to evaluate the performances of red snapper, Lutjanus campechanus , in low salinities. The median lethal concentration...
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Sensory representation and detection mechanisms of gut osmolality change
Ingested food and water stimulate sensory systems in the oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal areas before absorption
1 ,2 . These sensory signals...
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Sodium, Osmolality, and Antidiuretic Hormone
Assessment of urine and serum electrolytes, osmolality, and sometimes vasopressin is helpful in the assessment of polyuria and polydipsia as well as...
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Investigation of extracellular medium osmolality depending on zinc application and incubation time on A549 cancer cells
Changes in the osmolality of the extracellular medium (ECM) affect cell volume and cellular processes such as cell migration and proliferation. Not...
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The association of urine osmolality with decreased kidney function and/or albuminuria in the United States
BackgroundDecreased kidney function is commonly caused by hypovolemia. When hypovolemic, the kidney reabsorbs water resulting in concentrated urine....
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Prognostic relevance of elevated plasma osmolality on admission in acute decompensated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: insights from PURSUIT-HFpEF registry
BackgroundComplicated pathophysiology makes it difficult to identify the prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). While...
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Influence of osmolality on gastrointestinal fluid volume and drug absorption: potential impact on oral salt supplementation
BackgroundThe syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is the most frequent cause of hyponatremia in patients with...
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Beneficial Effect of Pretreatment Hyperosmolality on Outcome in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Evidence from a South Korean Multicenter Registry and Propensity Score Matching Analysis
BackgroundHyperosmolar therapy has long been a cornerstone in managing increased intracranial pressure and improving outcomes in severe traumatic...
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Relationship between high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks, diet soft drinks, and serum sodium: NHANES 2003–2006
BackgroundConsumption of high fructose corn syrup sweetened drinks and diet soft drinks has increased in the United States. However, the relationship...
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Assessing the Role of Initial Serum Calcium Concentration in Patients with Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
IntroductionAssays for ethylene glycol (EG) with a rapid turn-around time are not routinely available. Clinicians must rely on historical features...
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Predictive correction of serum sodium concentration with formulas derived from the Edelman equation in patients with severe hyponatremia
Severe hyponatremia can cause life-threatening cerebral edema. Treatment comprises rapid elevation of serum sodium concentration; however,...
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Intractable hyponatremia complicated by a reset osmostat: a case report
BackgroundHyponatremia associated with a low serum osmolality is a common and confounding electrolyte disorder. Correcting hyponatremia is also...
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A rare presentation of central pontine myelinolysis secondary to hyperglycaemia
BackgroundCentral pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a rare demyelinating disorder caused by the loss of myelin in the center of the basis pontis. CPM...
