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The Broad Spectrum of Responses to Oxidative Stress in Proliferating Cells
Proliferating mammalian cells exhibit a broad spectrum of responses to oxidative stress, depending on the stress level encountered. Very low levels...
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Low Molecular Weight Antioxidants
Low molecular weight antioxidants are an important part of the antioxidative defense mechanisms of cells and organisms. This chapter gives a short...
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Introduction: Regulatory processes, an emerging feature in intracellular membrane traffic
The subject of this volume is the molecular mechanism of the intracellular membrane trafficking, a central eukaryotic cell biological process. In the...
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Environmental Oxidative Stress – Environmental Sources of ROS
Environmental factors are known sources for oxidative stress. In consequence of the numerous influences that define our environment, environmental...
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Endogenous Oxidant-Generating Systems
Although organisms respiring air oxygen use their energy sources in an optimal way they are threatened by the compulsory formation of reactive oxygen...
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Glutathione
Glutathione is the most abundant non-protein thiol in cells. It is a tripeptide with two important structural features: the thiol group and the...
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Modulation of Cellular Signaling Processes by Reactive Oxygen Species
Exposure of cells to reactive oxygen species (ROS) may result not only in cell death by excessive oxidation of biomolecules but also cause the...
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Functions of Rab GTPases in organelle biogenesis
Rab GTPases regulate diverse aspects of the biogenesis of secretory and endocytic organelles. The conformational changes that accompany GTP binding...
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Diazo and Diazonium DNA Cleavage Agents: Studies on Model Systems and Natural Product Mechanisms of Action
Diazonium salts have been previously used to cleave DNA via generation of carbon centered radicals and cations. Efforts have been made in the...
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Synthesis of Biologically Active Heterocyclic Stilbene and Chalcone Analogs of Combretastatin
Combretastatin A-4 (CA-4, 7) has had a major impact in the field of medicinal chemistry as a potent bioactive molecule that binds to the...
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Overcoming Bacterial Resistance: Role of β-Lactamase Inhibitors
Resistance to modern antibiotics is currently a major health concern in treating infectious diseases. Abuse, overuse, and misuse of antibiotics in...
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Synthesis of Carbolines Possessing Antitumor Activity
Synthetic approaches to a number of carboline derivatives having antitumor activity are described. Representative examples of molecules with...
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Chemical Modifications of Biomolecules by Oxidants
There is strong evidence in support of the oxidation of biomolecules during normal physiology and under conditions of environmental or pathological...
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Regulation of SNARE assembly by protein phosphorylation
Protein phosphorylation is emerging as an important regulatory mechanism that controls the secretory pathway. It enables coupling between the...
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Molecular mechanisms in clathrin-mediated membrane budding
Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) form at the plasma membrane where they select cargo for endocytic entry into cells. CCVs also form at the trans-Golgi...
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Tethering proteins in membrane traffic
In eukaryotic cells, protein secretion and the transport of materials between membrane-bounded organelles require efficient and accurate delivery of...
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Regulation of exocytotic events by centrosome-analogous structures
Centrosomes, spindle pole bodies, and related structures, generally termed microtubule organising centres (MTOCs; Pickett-Heaps 1969), are best...
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Advanced Targeting Strategies for Murine Retroviral and Adeno-associated Viral Vectors
Targeted gene delivery involves broadening viral tropism to infect previously nonpermissive cells, replacing viral tropism to infect a target cell...
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Nonviral Delivery of Cancer Genetic Vaccines
The potential use of genetic vaccines to address numerous diseases including cancer is promising, but currently unrealized. Here, we review...