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Parallel Reactor Systems for Bioprocess Development
Controlled parallel bioreactor systems allow fed-batch operation at early stages of process development. The characteristics of shaken bioreactors...
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Genome evolution: Lessons from Genolevures
In the past years, yeast genome-sequencing programs have been widely developed. Two of them, namely Genolevures I and II, were devoted to the...
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Structural features of fungal genomes
Eighteen fungal genomes have been sequenced to date from a variety of taxonomic groups, with fifteen Ascomycota, two Basidomycota and one...
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Sterol Endocytosis and Trafficking in Plant Cells
Structural sterols are integral components of biological membranes. They regulate membrane permeability and fluidity, and they influence the...
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Comparison of Molecular Mechanisms of Somatic and Zygotic Embryogenesis
Somatic embryogenesis has been used as a model system to understand the mechanisms regulating plant embryogenesis. The morphological and...
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Extracellular Guidance Cues and Intracellular Signaling Pathways that Direct Pollen Tube Growth
Fertilization in flowering plants requires that a pollen tube deliver two sperm to the female gametes, which develop in ovules buried deep within...
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SNAREs in Plant Endocytosis and the Post-Golgi Traffic
In eukaryotic cells, the transport vesicles carry various cargo proteins from a donor compartment to a target compartment, and discharge the cargo...
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Plant Vacuoles: from Biogenesis to Function
The plant vacuolar system is far more complex than originally expected and multiple sorting pathways leading to various types of vacuoles can be...
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Endocytosis in Guard Cells
Stomatal movement requires large and repetitive changes to cell volume and consequently surface area. These alterations in surface area are...
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Endocytosis and Actomyosin Cytoskeleton
Mutual interactions between actin and endocytic assembly machineries are essential for successful clathrin-mediated endocytosis in yeast and...
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Endocytosis and Membrane Recycling in Pollen Tubes
In plants, tip-growing cells are an ideal system to investigate signal transduction mechanisms and, among these, pollen tubes are one of the...
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Plant Prevacuolar Compartments and Endocytosis
Prevacuolar compartments (PVCs) are membrane-bound organelles mediating protein traffic from both Golgi and plasma membrane to vacuoles in...
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Importance of Cytoskeleton and Cell Wall in Somatic Embryogenesis
Both the cytoskeleton composed of microtubules and actin microfilaments as well as cell wall components such as arabinogalactan proteins and...
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Ions and Pollen Tube Growth
Ions play a crucial role in the control of pollen tube growth. In this review we focus on four that seem especially important: calcium (Ca...
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Comparative Analysis of Biological Models used in the Study of Pollen Tube Growth
The mechanisms of pollen tube growth have been studied in a wide variety of plant species. Since the 1990s, with the explosion of molecular...
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Gametic Embryogenesis in Triticum: a Study of Some Critical Factors in Haploid (Microspore) Embryogenesis
This review of embryogenesis from microspores in two types of wheat examines the influences of various procedures used to induce and produce...
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Comparative genomics and gene finding in fungi
In the spring of 2005, we had access to 18 fully sequenced fungal genomes, and more are coming rapidly. New approaches and methods are being...
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Molecular responses of higher plants to dehydration
A massive amount of data has been accumulating on the molecular responses of plants to water deficit. In plants, dehydration activates a protective...
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Heavy metal signalling in plants: linking cellular and organismic responses
Heavy metals are required in plants as essential micronutrients or act as toxic compounds. How do plants perceive heavy metals and which signalling...
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Introduction
Everywhere in the world, environmental stresses represent the most limiting factors for agricultural productivity. Besides plant-specific endogenous...