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Satellite Observations as Indicators of the Mediterranean Sea’s Health
Satellite observations of the marine environment allow the assessment of optical, thermal and structural properties, which can be inferred from the...
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Biological Markers for Anoxia in the Photic Zone of the Water Column
In this chapter we review the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of anoxic conditions in the water column of past depositional systems...
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Controls on the Carbon Isotopic Compositions of Lipids in Marine Environments
Organic carbon isotopes have long been used to study modern and ancient biogeochemical processes. Controls on the isotopic composition of organic...
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Chemistry and Fate of Organotin Antifouling Biocides in the Environment
Organotin antifouling paints are degraded relatively rapidly in seawater mainly by microorganisms, but they have high affinities to sediment and...
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Sources and Cycling of Organic Matter in the Marine Water Column
The organic carbon cycle operates on multiple time scales with a only small fraction of the global reservoir actively exchanged. For the marine...
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Molecular Tools for the Analysis of DNA in Marine Environments
In the last decade, microbial ecologists have increasingly applied molecular techniques to investigate microorganisms in natural environments. The...
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Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Great Lakes: An Overview
This chapter presents background information on the Great Lakes and summarizes the content of each chapter of this book.
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Occurrence, Fate and Relevance of Aminopolycarboxylate Chelating Agents in the Rhine Basin, Germany
Aminopolycarboxylates are used in many products and industrial applications because of their ability to form stable complexes with metal ions. The...
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Analysis, Occurrence, and Fate of Aromatic Sulfonates in the Rhine and Its Tributaries
An overview is given of the occurrence of aromatic sulfonates in the Rhine river and its tributaries. Since 1990, 25 different monomeric sulfonates...
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Atmospheric Transport of Terrestrial Organic Matter to the Sea
The transport of atmospheric particles with associated terrestrial organic matter to the oceans is an important process affecting various global...
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The Development of Water Protection Requirements from the Point of View of Waterworks, with Emphasis on 30 Years of the Memorandum of the International Association of Waterworks in the River Rhine Catchment Area (IAWR)
The International Association of Waterworks in the River Rhine Catchment Area (IAWR) defined water protection requirements for surface water that...
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Toxicity and Preliminary Risk Assessment of Alternative Antifouling Biocides to Aquatic Organisms
Published literature has been reviewed regarding the toxicity of representative alternative antifouling biocides (Chlorothalonil, Dichlofluanid,...
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Genetic Algorithms Based Hybrid Intelligent Systems
The oldest branch of Evolutionary Computation, namely GA, is at the same time the used in real-world applications of HIS. Chapter 8 of the book tries...
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New Trends of Develo** Hybrid Intelligent Systems – AIS Hybridization and DNA-Hybridization
As already mentioned in Chap.1, the use of biologically inspired CI techniques play a crucial role for the hybridisation at any level of HIS features...
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Communication Requirements for Networked Control
There is an increasing interest in studying control systems employing multiple sensors and actuators that are geographically distributed....
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Suboptimal Control Techniques for Networked Hybrid Systems
Over the past decade, major advancements in the areas of communications and computer networks [20] have made it possible for control engineers to...
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A Sliding Mode Approach to Traffic Engineering in Computer Networks
In this chapter, we address the problem of optimal Traffic Engineering (TE) in computer networks; i.e., determining an optimal traffic allocation in...
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Modeling and Designing the Internet Congestion Control
The Internet is a set of interconnected packet switching networks each of them having its own protocol. It was soon recognized the importance of...
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Delay Effects on the Asymptotic Stability of Various Fluid Models in High-Performance Networks
Roughly speaking, a communication network consists of a collection of (network users/sources) elements interconnected to transfer information or data...
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Closed Loop Control of a Load Balancing Network with Time Delays and Processor Resource Constraints
The objective of parallel processing is to reduce wall-clock time and increase the size of solvable problems by dividing the code into multiple...