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1. Physico-Geographical Conditions of the Caspian Sea

   The main physico-geographical features of the Caspian Sea are under consideration. They include brief description of the coasts, bottom relief and...

   Alexey N. Kosarev in The Caspian Sea Environment

   Chapter
   

2. Development, Occurrence and Regulationof Antifouling Paint Biocides: Historical Review and Future Trends

   Antifouling agents have been used on ships since the ancient Roman and Greek civilizations. A brief history is provided through to the demise of...

   James W. Readman in Antifouling Paint Biocides

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3. Economic and International Legal Dimensions

   The Caspian Region has abundant hydrocarbon resources (oil and gas), as well as biological resources (fish), particularly the unique sturgeon,...

   Igor S. Zonn in The Caspian Sea Environment

   Chapter
   

4. Role of Particle Sorption Properties in the Behavior and Speciation of Trace Metals in Macrotidal Estuaries: The Cadmium Example

   The role of particles in the fate and speciation of trace metals in macrotidal estuaries was studied using a surface complexation model (MOCO)....

   J.-L. Gonzalez, B. Thouvenin, ... B. Boutier in Estuaries

   Chapter
   

5. Antifouling Paint Booster Biocides: Occurrence and Partitioning in Water and Sediments

   Following the ban on the use of tributyltin (TBT) in antifouling, several organic booster biocides have been used in conjunction with copper in...

   Nikolaos Voulvoulis in Antifouling Paint Biocides

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6. Introduction

   The Caspian Sea, the largest enclosed basin on the planet, is distinguished by special natural conditions, contains rich natural resources...

   Aleksey N. Kosarev, Andrey G. Kostianoy in The Caspian Sea Environment

   Chapter
   

7. Introduced Species

   Five species of diatom algae, ten species of epiphyte-fouling algae, seven species of plankton invertebrates, 21 benthic organisms and three...

   Mikhail G. Karpinsky, Tamara A. Shiganova, Damir N. Katunin in The Caspian Sea Environment

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8. Natural Chemistry of Caspian Sea Waters

   Principal features of the natural chemistry of Caspian Sea waters are assessed: the salt(ionic) composition, dissolved oxygen, active reaction...

   Valentin S. Tuzhilkin, Damir N. Katunin, Yury R. Nalbandov in The Caspian Sea Environment

   Chapter
   

9. Worldwide Occurrence of Organotins from Antifouling Paints and Effects in the Aquatic Environment

   Organotins belong to the most toxic pollutants for aquatic life known so far. Widespread contamination of harbors and areas with high ship**...

   Karl Fent in Antifouling Paint Biocides

   Chapter
   

10. Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay

    Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay is a large lagoon east of the Caspian Sea and normally covers an area around 18000 km2 and is only a few meters deep. It is...

    Aleksey N. Kosarev, Andrey G. Kostianoy in The Caspian Sea Environment

    Chapter
    

11. Biotic and Abiotic Transformation Pathways of Synthetic Musks in the Aquatic Environment

    Synthetic musks are being transformed to intermediates or relatively stable metabolites that may exhibit a strong potential for environmental harm....

    Scarlett Biselli, Robert Gatermann, ... Heinrich Hühnerfuss in Series Anthropogenic Compounds

    Chapter
    

12. Biological Features and Resources

    The Caspian Sea is of enormous importance, because of its extremely valuable fish resources. Thousands of tons of kilka, roach, bream, herring,...

    Mikhail G. Karpinsky, Damir N. Katunin, ... Tamara A. Shiganova in The Caspian Sea Environment

    Chapter
    

13. The São Francisco Estuary, Brazil

    This is a first account of the physical and biogeochemical characteristics of the tropical São Francisco (SF) estuarine system, East Brazil,...

    Bastiaan Knoppers, Paulo R. P. Medeiros, ... Tim Jennerjahn in Estuaries

    Chapter
    

14. Patterns of Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Remotely Sensed Chlorophyll

    Seasonal and interannual variability of chlorophyll dynamics in the Caspian Sea remotely sensed by the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor...

    Nikolay P. Nezlin in The Caspian Sea Environment

    Chapter
    

15. Chemistry and Fate of Organotin Antifouling Biocides in the Environment

    Organotin antifouling paints are degraded relatively rapidly in seawater mainly by microorganisms, but they have high affinities to sediment and...

    Iwao Omae in Antifouling Paint Biocides

    Chapter
    

16. Thermohaline Structure and General Circulation of the Caspian Sea Waters

    The results of statistical and physical analysis of historical ship (more then 56 000 stations) and coastal temperature data and salinity...

    Valentin S. Tuzhilkin, Alexey N. Kosarev in The Caspian Sea Environment

    Chapter
    

17. Environmental Issues of the Caspian

    Environmental problems in the Caspian and its coastal zone shaped, and reflect the consequences of, the historical and economic development of the...

    Igor S. Zonn in The Caspian Sea Environment

    Chapter
    

18. Toxicity and Preliminary Risk Assessment of Alternative Antifouling Biocides to Aquatic Organisms

    Published literature has been reviewed regarding the toxicity of representative alternative antifouling biocides (Chlorothalonil, Dichlofluanid,...

    Hisashi Yamada in Antifouling Paint Biocides

    Chapter
    

19. The Role of Musk and Musk Compounds in the Fragrance Industry

    An overview of the role of musk and musk compounds in the fragrance industry is given. Discovery and syntheses of representatives occurring naturally...

    Cornelia Sommer in Series Anthropogenic Compounds

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20. Sensory Evaluation of Indoor Air Pollution Sources

    The basic biological principles of the perception mechanisms for odour and irritants are fairly well understood. Much more uncertain is how these...

    Philomena M. Bluyssen in Air Pollution

    Chapter