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  1. Brominated Flame Retardants in the Great Lakes

    Brominated flame retardants in the Great Lakes have not been as well studied as many of the polychlorinated pollutants, especially PCBs, but in the...
    Ronald A. Hites in Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Great Lakes
    Chapter

  2. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Great Lakes

    Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are produced during the incomplete combustion of organic material. They can also be produced through...
    Matt F. Simcik, John H. Offenberg in Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Great Lakes
    Chapter

  3. Pesticides in the Great Lakes

    Pesticides have been widely and heavily used in agriculture in the Great Lakes Basin (approximately 93000 tons were used in 1995 alone). Herbicides...
    Kurunthachalam Kannan, Jeff Ridal, John Struger in Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Great Lakes
    Chapter

  4. Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Great Lakes

    This chapter reviews the scientific understanding of the concentrations, trends, and cycling of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the Great...
    Keri C. Hornbuckle, Daniel L. Carlson, ... Steven J. Eisenreich in Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Great Lakes
    Chapter

  5. The Broad Spectrum of Responses to Oxidative Stress in Proliferating Cells

    Proliferating mammalian cells exhibit a broad spectrum of responses to oxidative stress, depending on the stress level encountered. Very low levels...
    Kelvin J. A. Davies in Reactions, Processes
    Chapter

  6. Low Molecular Weight Antioxidants

    Low molecular weight antioxidants are an important part of the antioxidative defense mechanisms of cells and organisms. This chapter gives a short...
    Tilman Grune, Peter Schröder, Hans K. Biesalski in Reactions, Processes
    Chapter

  7. Environmental Oxidative Stress – Environmental Sources of ROS

    Environmental factors are known sources for oxidative stress. In consequence of the numerous influences that define our environment, environmental...
    Peter Schröder, Jean Krutmann in Reactions, Processes
    Chapter

  8. Endogenous Oxidant-Generating Systems

    Although organisms respiring air oxygen use their energy sources in an optimal way they are threatened by the compulsory formation of reactive oxygen...
    Hans Nohl, Andrey V. Kozlov, ... Katrin Staniek in Reactions, Processes
    Chapter

  9. Glutathione

    Glutathione is the most abundant non-protein thiol in cells. It is a tripeptide with two important structural features: the thiol group and the...
    Juan Sastre, Federico V. Pallardo, Jose Viña in Reactions, Processes
    Chapter

  10. Modulation of Cellular Signaling Processes by Reactive Oxygen Species

    Exposure of cells to reactive oxygen species (ROS) may result not only in cell death by excessive oxidation of biomolecules but also cause the...
    Lars-Oliver Klotz in Reactions, Processes
    Chapter

  12. Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Great Lakes: An Overview

    This chapter presents background information on the Great Lakes and summarizes the content of each chapter of this book.
    Ronald A. Hites in Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Great Lakes
    Chapter

  13. Production and Formulation of Adenovirus Vectors

    Adenovirus vectors have attracted considerable interest over the past decade, with ongoing clinical development programs for applications ranging...
    Nedim E. Altaras, John G. Aunins, ... Jayanthi J. Wolf in Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery Systems
    Chapter

  14. Nonviral Delivery of Cancer Genetic Vaccines

    The potential use of genetic vaccines to address numerous diseases including cancer is promising, but currently unrealized. Here, we review...
    Steven R. Little, Robert Langer in Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery Systems
    Chapter

  15. Advanced Targeting Strategies for Murine Retroviral and Adeno-associated Viral Vectors

    Targeted gene delivery involves broadening viral tropism to infect previously nonpermissive cells, replacing viral tropism to infect a target cell...
    Julie H. Yu, David V. Schaffer in Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery Systems
    Chapter

  16. Molecular Conjugates

    Molecular conjugates are nanometer-sized entities consisting of synthetic materials (lipids, polycations, targeting agents, and so on) and nucleic...
    Jeremy Heidel, Swaroop Mishra, Mark E. Davis in Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery Systems
    Chapter

  17. Chemical Modifications of Biomolecules by Oxidants

    There is strong evidence in support of the oxidation of biomolecules during normal physiology and under conditions of environmental or pathological...
    Helen R. Griffiths in Reactions, Processes
    Chapter

  18. Lentiviral Vectors

    We review the use of lentiviral vectors in current human gene therapy applications that involve genetic modification of nondividing tissues with...
    Nils Loewen, Eric M. Poeschla in Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery Systems
    Chapter

  19. Plasmid Vaccines and Therapeutics: From Design to Applications

    In the late 1980s, Vical and collaborators discovered that the injection into tissues of unformulated plasmid encoding various proteins resulted in...
    Marston Manthorpe, Peter Hobart, ... Alain Rolland in Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery Systems
    Chapter

  20. Adeno-associated Virus as a Gene Therapy Vector: Vector Development, Production and Clinical Applications

    Adeno-associated virus (AAV) has emerged as an attractive vector for gene therapy. AAV vectors have successfully been utilized to promote...
    Joshua C. Grieger, Richard J. Samulski in Gene Therapy and Gene Delivery Systems
    Chapter
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