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Set-valued Data
Since fuzzy sets are generalizations of ordinary sets, we present in this Chapter the essentials of random set theory for statistics. This material...
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Modeling of Fuzzy Data
Fuzzy data are imprecise data obtained from measurements, perception or by interviewing people. Typically, those data are expressed in linguistic...
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Fuzzy Statistical Analysis and Estimation
In social science research, many decisions, evaluations, or purposes of evaluations are done by surveys or questionnaires to seek for people’s...
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Tests of Hypothesis: Means
In many expositions of fuzzy methods, fuzzy techniques are described as an alternative to a more traditional statistical approach. In this chapter,...
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Fuzzy Time Series Analysis and Forecasting
The problem of system modeling and identification has attracted considerable attention during the past decades mostly because of a large number of...
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International Standardisation of Ground Investigation and Testing Methods
Three committees of the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) prepare common...
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Some Basic Considerations about the Necessities and Possibilities of Cooperation between Civil Engineers and Engineering Geologists
The education of civil engineers and engineering geologists is different. While civil engineers are commonly educated and trained in mathematical and...
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Coring Performance to Characterise the Geology in the “Cran aux Iguanodons” of Bernissart (Belgium)
The “Cran aux iguanodons” of Bernissart is a sinkhole (or chimney caving) with a valuable paleontological deposit due to the exceptional quantity and...
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Site Investigation for Abandoned Lignite Mines in Urban Environment
The existence of shallow coal mining in urban environments poses a great danger to engineering works due to either the cree** subsidence at the...
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Engineering Geological Model of the Contact between Two Petrographic and Stratigraphic Units along the Zagreb-Split Highway, Croatia
The highway route Zagreb-Split, section through Lika region, was designed along the valley of the River Gacka. In this section the highway level line...
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Soil Investigations Requirements from the Construction Industry
When the majority of soil investigation methods concentrate on the characterization of the soil in terms of soil-structure interactions or structural...
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Creep Behaviour of Alpine Salt Rock and the Influence of Insoluble Residues in Solution Mining
In Austrian salt mining, brine is won by way of solution mining with the borehole well method. The Alpine salt rock (Haselgebirge) consists of a high...
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Cut-and-Cover Tunnel below Boulevard River Meuse, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Paper describes the geotechnical risks and soil investigations related to design and con- struction of the cut-and-cover tunnel below the western...
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Smart Site Investigations Save Money!
More appropriate and well-timed site investigations have a major positive impact in order to reduce the risk of failure. Design and construction of...
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Linear map**s on ordered vector spaces
Before we can start to analyze the generalized Riccati operators derived in the previous chapter, we have to deal with generalized Lyapunov operators...
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Various Assessments of the Characteristic Values of Soil Cohesion and Friction Angle: Application to New Caledonian Laterite
In situ measurements, as well as laboratory tests, yield varied information on ground material. In order to carry out computations, it is necessary...
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Engineering Geology Property Parameters for the Tertiary in The Netherlands
As engineering geologists we are measuring in the field and in the laboratory a large array of geological, geotechnical, geophysical and...
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3D Terrestrial Laser Scanning as a New Field Measurement and Monitoring Technique
3D terrestrial laser scanning is a relatively new, but already revolutionary, surveying technique. The survey yield a digital data set, which is...
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Using the Complete Nano Engineering Geological Spectrum to Assess the Performance of Clay Barriers
Clays are geomaterials used in various (over 100) applications in our society. The more common geotechnical applications are clay barriers to contain...
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Standardised Methods for Sampling by Drilling and Excavation and for Groundwater Measurements
The Technical Committees of the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) and the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) on...