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A Constitutive Model for Chemically Sensitive Clays
This paper deals with a chemo-hydro-mechanical (CHM) model for unsaturated clays. The chemo-mechanical effects are described within an elasto-plastic...
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Soil Investigation Aspects of a Complex Metro Project in Amsterdam
The municipality of Amsterdam wishes to reduce the level of car traffic within the City Centre. As a consequence the public transport is to be...
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Effects of the Determination of Characteristic Values of Soil Parameters
In April 1996 the German version of the Eurocode EC 7 “Geotechnical design - General rules” was published as a “pre-standard”, entitled V ENV 1997-1....
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Behaviour of the Weak Rock Cut Slopes and Their Characterization Using the Results of the Slake Durability Test
Slopes excavated in argillaceous rocks often show degradation mechanisms and local falls which affect both safety and maintenance costs of the roads....
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An Overview of the Geological and Geotechnical Aspects of the New Railway Line in the Lower Inn Valley
The new railway line in the lower Inn-valley is part of the Brenner railway axis from Munich to Verona (“feeder north”). The first section between...
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Investigation of Karst Cavities and Earth Subsidence with Combined Application of Boring and Geophysics in the Progress of High-Speed Railway Routes
In Germany there are a lot of new high-speed railways in planning or under construction. One of these is the new Nuremberg - Ingolstadt railway line...
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Numerical Modelling of Seismic Slope Stability
Earthquake ground-motions recorded worldwide have shown that many morphological and geological structures (topography, sedimentary basin) are prone...
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Suitability Maps of Underground Construction in the Province of South-Holland
Subsurface suitability maps give an insight in both the geology and the physical and chemical soil properties. The geology and soil properties...
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An Earthquake Early Warning System for the Romanian Capital
Although earthquake early warning systems have inherently short warning times between seconds and a minute they become increasingly important as part...
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Nonlinear Seismology - The Seismology of the XXI Century
Nonlinear effects in ground motion during large earthquakes have been a long controversial issue between seismologists and geotechnical engineers....
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The Dead Sea Fault and Its Effect on Civilization
The Dead Sea fault (DSF) is the most impressive tectonic feature in the Middle East. It is a plate boundary, which transfers sea floor spreading in...
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Modelling of Descending Slab Evolution Beneath the SE-Carpathians: Implications for Seismicity
Recent findings from regional seismic tomography and refraction studies and from GPS studies on vertical movements together with extremely high...
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5 Global Distribution of Subsurface Water Measured by Mars Odyssey
While the presence of water in minerals of the Martian surface has been known for many years and the storage of ground ice in the past and present...
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Structure of the Upper Mantle Beneath Northern Eurasia Derived from Russian Deep-Seismic PNE Profiles
From 1968 until 1990, Russian scientists carried out an intensive program of deep seismic sounding across the territory of the former Soviet Union,...
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3. Lessons from the History of Life
The discussion of life on other worlds is inevitably qualified by the phrase, “life as we know it.” This customary and appropriate caution among...
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8. Ideas of Exotic Forms of Life
Science and speculation have converged at the boundaries of human imagination to conceive of some very exotic states of matter and/or energy that...
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1. Introduction
Astrobiology studies the origin, evolution, distribution, and fate of life throughout the universe, with no direct evidence that life exists anywhere...
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True Amplitudes: A Challenge in Reflection Seismology
Kirchhoff migration is a well-known process in the world of seismic exploration to transform seismic reflection data into an interpretable image of...
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Imaging of Orebodies with Vertical Seismic Profiling Data
Geophysical exploration for volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposits, a major source for lead, copper, zinc and other metals, is conventionally...
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13 Microbiology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents: Lessons for Mars Exploration
A large proportion of the Earth (70 %) is covered by seas and oceans. Oceanic waters below one kilometre depth constitute the deep-sea, which...